Broadway Swanwick, Amber Valley

107 addresses across 6 postcodes (DE55), about 850 m (0.5 miles) long, classed as a local road. USRN 600199.

  • Sales: 111 recorded sales since 1995; in 2026 the median was £222,000 across 3 sales.
  • Energy: 53 homes have an energy certificate (B: 2, C: 16, D: 27, E: 7, F: 1).
  • Flood: 11 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
  • Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band B; Band D in Amber Valley costs £2,408 a year in 2026-27.
  • Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 84% to 100% of premises.
  • Transport: The nearest railway station is Alfreton, about 3.2 km (2 miles) away in a straight line.
  • Green space: The nearest park or garden is about 300 m away.
  • Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 8.7 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 7.0 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
  • Height: Its addresses are 118 to 134 m above sea level.
  • Noise: 6 of its 107 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
  • Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is Jessop Medical Practice, about 1.4 km (0.9 miles) away, with 2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
  • People: About 1,440 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 84% of households owned their home and 29% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
  • Crime: 22 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.

Sales on this street

Source: HM Land Registry Price Paid Data, sales registered up to 28 August 2026, loaded 28 October 2026. Sales reach the register two weeks to two months after completion, so the last two months are incomplete. Matched by postcode and street name.

Sales by year (standard sales only; repossessions and buy-to-let transfers excluded)
YearSalesMedian priceLowestHighest
20263£222,000£155,000£254,450
20253£225,000£167,000£240,000
20242£223,500£187,000£260,000
20231£240,000£240,000£240,000
20222£220,000£205,000£235,000
20214£215,000£165,000£225,000
20204£267,500£157,500£390,000
20193£200,000£180,000£329,000
20186£191,000£160,000£245,000
20162£101,250£37,500£165,000
20154£174,000£162,000£180,000
20141£145,000£145,000£145,000
Most recent sales (latest 50 of 111)
DateAddressTypePriceNotes
12 Aug 202648 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£254,450
10 Jul 202690 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£155,000
10 Mar 20261 DE55 1AYDetached£222,000
10 Oct 202561 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£225,000
31 Mar 202592 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£167,000
24 Mar 202584 DE55 1AJDetached£240,000
14 Jun 202413 DE55 1AYDetached£260,000
1 Mar 202486 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£187,000
22 Feb 202458 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£120,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
12 Dec 202397 DE55 1AJOther£127,500Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
8 Dec 202349 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£240,000
25 Oct 202225 DE55 1AYDetached£235,000
1 Jun 202243 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£205,000
26 Nov 20218 DE55 1AYDetached£215,000
4 Aug 202172 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£165,000
30 Jun 202148 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£225,000
12 May 202141 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£215,000
12 Nov 202029 DE55 1AJDetached£325,000
22 Oct 202025A DE55 1AYDetached£390,000
28 Sep 202049 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£210,000
13 Mar 202054 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£157,500
5 Jul 20194 DE55 1AYDetached£200,000
28 Jun 201934 DE55 1AJDetached£329,000
17 May 201959 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£180,000
10 Aug 201826 DE55 1AYDetached£195,000
29 Jun 201853 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£234,000
29 Jun 201848 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£187,000
6 Apr 201864 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£177,000
2 Feb 20183 DE55 1AYDetached£160,000
5 Jan 201827 DE55 1AJDetached£245,000
21 Mar 201615 DE55 1AYDetached£165,000
15 Mar 201658 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£37,500Leasehold.
23 Oct 201578 DE55 1AJDetached£172,000
9 Jul 201513 DE55 1AYDetached£180,000
9 Apr 201553 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£176,000
16 Jan 201549 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£162,000
29 Jul 201451 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£145,000
26 Sep 201313 DE55 1AYDetached£149,950
26 Apr 201323 DE55 1AYDetached£125,000
21 Feb 201341 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£155,000
19 Nov 201272 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£128,000
10 Feb 20127 DE55 1AYDetached£104,700
10 Feb 201276 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£89,000
6 Dec 201131 DE55 1AJDetached£160,000
30 Sep 201134 DE55 1AJDetached£230,000
27 May 201143 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£115,000
14 Jul 20105 DE55 1AYDetached£143,000
1 Apr 201022 DE55 1AYDetached£132,000
29 Aug 200872 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£140,000
26 Jul 200790 DE55 1AJSemi-detached£152,000

Energy performance certificates

Source: Energy Performance of Buildings Register (MHCLG), register as at 1 November 2026. Latest certificate per address; certificates last ten years, so the oldest here dates from November 2008 and some homes have none. Address data © Ordnance Survey and Royal Mail, shown for understanding the energy efficiency of buildings only.

53 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 78 m². Most common: Bungalow, detached (21); House, semi-detached (19); House, detached (6). Built: 1967-1975 (30); 1976-1982 (11); 1950-1966 (6). Tenure at assessment: owner-occupied (36); rented (private) (6); rented (social) (1).

Each home's certificates and sales (38 addresses)

Council tax

What each band costs in Amber Valley in 2026-27: Band D £2,408 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.

ABCDEFGH
£1,605£1,873£2,140£2,408£2,943£3,478£4,013£4,815

Homes by band in the neighbourhoods around this street: most are in band B (30% of about 1,840 homes).

Sources: Valuation Office Agency, Council Tax: stock of properties, homes at 31 March 2026 (counts rounded to the nearest 10; some small counts withheld), for the 3 neighbourhoods (census areas of about 700 homes each) around it, not just this street; Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, council tax levels 2026-27. Bands are charged as fixed shares of Band D; the actual bill depends on the parish and on discounts such as the single-person discount. Check a home's own band with the official council tax band checker.

Planning and heritage

  • Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
  • Listed buildings on or by this street: 1.
  • Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Green belt: no.

Listed buildings

Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)

Source: planning.data.gov.uk (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), compiled from councils and, for listed buildings, Historic England's National Heritage List. Conservation areas, Article 4 directions, tree preservation areas and the green belt are checked at each postcode's centre. Listed buildings and protected trees are counted on or by this street. Councils publish Article 4 directions, tree preservation orders and brownfield registers to different standards, and some not yet. Planning applications are not here: there is no national open record of them yet.

Roadworks

Finished in the last three months

  • 29 September 2026: BT, Utility asset works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (minor works)
  • 22 September 2026: SEVERN TRENT WATER, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)

Source: Department for Transport, Street Manager open data, permits and works up to 30 September 2026. It is published once a month, so works arranged or started since then are not shown, and dates are the ones planned unless the works have started or finished. Emergency works are often permitted after they begin.

Flood risk

Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 3 addresses are in areas at high risk, 8 at medium risk and 24 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.

Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.

High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.

Flood zone for planning: no postcode centre on this street is in flood zone 2 or 3.

PostcodePlanning zoneAddresses at high / medium / low riskGroundwater
DE55 1AJnot in 2 or 3 0 / 2 / 6 unlikely
DE55 1AYnot in 2 or 3 2 / 4 / 4 unlikely
DE55 1DQnot in 2 or 3 0 / 0 / 0 unlikely
DE55 1ERnot in 2 or 3 0 / 0 / 0 unlikely
DE55 1ANnot in 2 or 3 0 / 0 / 2 unlikely
DE55 1ARnot in 2 or 3 1 / 2 / 12 unlikely

Sources: Environment Agency Flood risk: postcode search tool data (loaded 29 October 2026), Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea: postcodes in areas at risk (loaded 29 October 2026) and Flood Map for Planning (loaded 28 October 2026). Flood zones are checked at each postcode's centre point. These are models of areas, which their publishers say are not suitable for showing whether an individual property is at risk, and they do not cover flooding from sewers or drains. Check an address on the official long-term flood risk service.

© Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2026. All rights reserved. Some features are based on digital spatial data from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, © NERC (CEH); the postcode data is produced in part from PAF® and Multiple Residence Data, © Royal Mail Group Limited.

Height above sea level

The street's 107 addresses are between 118 m and 134 m above sea level (126 m on average); the ground rises about 16 m from the lowest to the highest.

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Terrain 50, July 2026: the height of the ground on a 50 m grid, read at each address, in metres above Ordnance Datum (mean sea level at Newlyn). It is the lie of the land, not floor or threshold levels, and is accurate to a few metres. Being low-lying is not in itself a flood risk; the flood section above says what the flood maps show.

Broadband

Source: Ofcom Connected Nations, data as at January 2026. Percentages are of premises in each postcode that can get the service, not take-up or speed achieved.

Availability by postcode (% of premises)
PostcodeSuperfast (30 Mbit/s+)Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+)GigabitBelow 10 Mbit/s
DE55 1AJ100%93%100%0%
DE55 1AN100%74%84%0%
DE55 1AR100%99%99%0%
DE55 1AY100%100%100%0%
DE55 1DQ100%96%100%0%
DE55 1ER100%100%100%0%

Getting around

Sources: Department for Transport, NaPTAN (every public transport stop), as at 31 October 2026; Office of Rail and Road, Estimates of station usage 2024–25 (which stations are on the National Rail network, and their journeys: entries and exits in the year to March); OurAirports (public domain, kept by volunteers); car parks and charging points from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings from Meta, Microsoft, Foursquare and others: not an official register, so some will be missing, private or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street, not routes, and say nothing about how often anything runs. Stations opened since the end of ORR's year appear when ORR publishes the next one, each December; heritage railways are left out.

NearestDistance
Railway stationsAlfreton 383,000 journeys in 2024–253.2 km (2 miles)
Ambergate 39,000 journeys in 2024–256.1 km (3.8 miles)
Whatstandwell 28,000 journeys in 2024–257.5 km (4.7 miles)
Bus stops5 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 26 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest The Green Swanwick230 m
Bus or coach stationAlfreton Bus Station2.3 km (1.4 miles)
Car parksChurch Street Car Park2.9 km (1.8 miles)
EV charging points1 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Be.EV Charging Station1.6 km (1 mile)
Airport with scheduled flightsEast Midlands Airport EMA27.5 km (17 miles)

Local services

Sources: NHS Organisation Data Service, as at 31 October 2026: GP practices, community pharmacies and dental practices with an NHS contract, open now, each placed at the centre of its postcode; hospitals are NHS trust and Welsh health board sites named as hospitals, and may not have an emergency department. Police stations and cash machines from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings: not an official register, so some will be missing or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street. Nothing here says whether a practice is taking new patients or a dentist new NHS patients.

NearestDistance
GP surgeries2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Jessop Medical Practice1.4 km (0.9 miles)
Pharmacies4 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Swanwick Pharmacy400 m (0.2 miles)
NHS dentists2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Swanwick Dental Practice400 m (0.2 miles)
HospitalRipley Hospital Utc3.4 km (2.1 miles)
Police stationHeanor and Langley Mill Police SNT2.2 km (1.4 miles)
Cash machines1 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Esso Swanwick, Derby Road Cashzone510 m (0.3 miles)

Parks and green space

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Open Greenspace, April 2026: public parks and gardens, play spaces, playing fields and allotments, with their entrances. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to a site's nearest entrance (or its edge where none is recorded), not walking routes; sizes are the area OS maps for each site. Some sites, such as school playing fields, may not be open to the public.

NearestDistance
Park or garden5 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 1.4 ha300 m
Largest park within 800 m (0.5 miles)Unnamed 2.7 ha360 m
Play area6 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 420 m²390 m
Playing field4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 2.1 ha290 m
Allotments2 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 1.5 ha90 m

Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 5 parks and gardens, 4.4 hectares in all.

Landmarks

The nearest historic landmark is Butterley Works blast furnaces, canal tunnel and underground wharf, a scheduled monument, 1.8 km (1.1 miles) south. 8 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles).

Historic places
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Butterley Works blast furnaces, canal tunnel and underground wharfScheduled monument1.8 km (1.1 miles) south
Derwent Valley MillsWorld Heritage Site9 km (5.6 miles) south-west
Natural landmarks within 5 km (3.1 miles)
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Bullock WoodWood550 m (0.3 miles) north
Sleetmoor WoodWood1.2 km (0.7 miles) north-east
Broadoak PlantationWood1.3 km (0.8 miles) west
Butterley ReservoirLake or reservoir1.5 km (0.9 miles) south-west
Castle HillHill2.4 km (1.5 miles) west
Golden ValleyValley2.7 km (1.7 miles) south-east

Sources: Historic England's registers through planning.data.gov.uk (MHCLG), and Cadw through DataMapWales (Welsh Government): World Heritage Sites within 10 km (6.2 miles), battlefields within 5 km (3.1 miles), registered parks and gardens within 3 km (1.9 miles), scheduled monuments within 2 km (1.2 miles), and Grade I and II* listed buildings within 1 km (0.6 miles). Ordnance Survey, OS Open Names, October 2026: named hills, valleys, lakes, woods, wetlands and coast (it has no rivers). Distances are in a straight line to the middle of each site, and being on a register does not mean there is public access.

Air quality

Source: Defra, modelled background air pollution, annual means for 2024, for the 1 km square that holds the middle of the street. These are background levels, away from the kerb: beside a busy road nitrogen dioxide in particular can be several times higher. UK limits are the legal annual limits for England and Wales; the World Health Organization's 2021 guidelines are much stricter, and most towns and cities are above them.

Annual means in µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic metre of air)
PollutantHereUK limitWHO guideline
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)8.74010
Fine particles (PM2.5)7.0205
Particles (PM10)11.44015

All three are within the UK legal limits; PM2.5 is above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.

Road and rail noise

Source: Defra, strategic noise mapping Round 4 (England), modelled for 2021 and published in December 2023, and its airport maps of the same round for the fifteen largest English airports, published in April 2026: Lden, the average sound level over a whole day with extra weight for the evening and night, on a 10 m grid, read at each address. These are models of traffic, not measurements; they leave out smaller airports and airfields, industry and neighbours, and a room at the back of a house is often much quieter than the front. The World Health Organization's guidelines are 53 dB for road traffic, 54 dB for railways and 45 dB for aircraft (below the lowest level shown here).

Addresses by modelled noise level (Lden, dB)
LevelRoad trafficRailways
65 to 6910
60 to 6410
55 to 5940
Under 55101107

6 of the street's 107 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.

Climate, daylight and earthquakes

Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Amber Valley: see them on the Amber Valley page.

Nearest schools

Source: Get Information About Schools (Department for Education), 1 November 2026; Ofsted monthly management information as at September 2026. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to the school; catchments and admissions are not shown. Since November 2025 Ofsted gives report-card grades by area, not one overall grade; older grades stand until a school is re-inspected.

SchoolPhaseAgesDistanceInspection
Swanwick Hall SchoolSecondary11–18360 m Good (Jan 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
Swanwick Primary SchoolPrimary3–111 km (0.6 miles) No overall grade (Apr 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good
Somerlea Park Junior SchoolPrimary7–111.6 km (1 mile) Report card (Feb 2026): Curriculum and teaching: Expected standard; Achievement: Expected standard; Attendance and behaviour: Needs attention; Personal development and wellbeing: Expected standard; Inclusion: Expected standard; Leadership and governance: Expected standard; Safeguarding standards: Met
Somercotes Infant and Nursery SchoolPrimary3–71.6 km (1 mile) Good (Feb 2024, overall grade under the previous framework)
Riddings Infant and Nursery SchoolPrimary3–71.8 km (1.1 miles) No overall grade (Mar 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good

Food hygiene ratings nearby

Source: Food Standards Agency, Food Hygiene Rating Scheme, extract of 3 November 2026. Each rating is shown with the date it was given; a business may have been re-inspected since the extract. Within 500 m (0.3 miles) of the middle of the street.

BusinessTypeDistanceRatingRated
The Gate Inn DE55 1AQPub/bar/nightclub290 m4 Good20 May 2026
Swanwick School And Sports College DE55 1ARSchool/college/university330 m5 Very good9 Sep 2025
Matkins Butchers DE55 1ABManufacturers/packers400 m (0.2 miles)5 Very good25 Nov 2025
Booths Convenience (Go Local Extra) DE55 1ABRetailers - other400 m (0.2 miles)5 Very good6 Nov 2023
The Steampacket DE55 1ABPub/bar/nightclub400 m (0.2 miles)5 Very good22 Jun 2017
Swanwick Methodist Church DE55 1ABPub/bar/nightclub400 m (0.2 miles)5 Very good23 Jun 2026
Hayes Conference Centre DE55 1ATOther catering premises410 m (0.3 miles)5 Very good21 Jan 2025
Oriental Chef DE55 1BLTakeaway/sandwich shop460 m (0.3 miles)4 Good3 Sep 2026
Boot & Slipper DE55 1BLPub/bar/nightclub460 m (0.3 miles)5 Very good24 Jun 2026
The Salt Pot DE55 1BLRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen460 m (0.3 miles)5 Very good14 Dec 2023
Swanwick Discount Store DE55 1AARetailers - other490 m (0.3 miles)4 Good10 Aug 2026

Crime within 250 m

Source: data.police.uk street-level crime, September 2025 to August 2026. Police forces move every crime to the nearest of about 760,000 anonymised map points before publishing, so these are crimes near this street, not on it, and a busy point can collect crimes from a wider area. Counts are of records, not convictions.

22 recorded crimes by category
CategoryCrimes
Violence and sexual offences13
Criminal damage and arson3
Anti-social behaviour2
Public order1
Drugs1
Other theft1
Burglary1

Most of these are attached to: On or near Sywell Close (8); On or near Charnwood Close (5); On or near Delamere Close (3); On or near Butterfield Crescent (2); On or near Broadway (2).

People and work

Source: ONS Census 2021, taken on 21 March 2021, for the 5 Output Areas (small census areas of about 125 households each) that this street's postcodes are in: 1,442 residents in 686 households. The census was taken during a lockdown, so working from home is high and travel to work low compared with now. ONS swaps a few records between neighbouring areas and adds small amounts of noise to counts to protect privacy, so small differences mean little. Industry is not published for areas this small.

Who lives here

Around this streetEngland
Median age5140
Children under 1513%17%
Aged 65 and over30%18%

Homes

Around this streetEngland
Owned (outright or with a mortgage)84%61%
Owned outright50%33%
Shared ownershipunder 1%1%
Social rented3%17%
Private rented13%21%

Work and commuting

Around this streetEngland
Adults (16 and over) in work54%57%
Unemployment (of those working or looking for work)4%6%
Retired (of adults)35%22%
Long-term sick or disabled (of adults)2%4%
Work mainly from home (of those in work)26%32%
Travel to work by car or van66%48%
By train, Underground, metro or tramunder 1%4%
By any public transport, including bus2%8%
On foot or by bicycle5%10%
Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work)56%65%
Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away6%8%

Education and languages

Around this streetEngland
Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults)29%34%
No qualifications19%18%
Apprenticeship as highest qualification8%5%
Main language English (aged 3 and over)99%91%
Cannot speak English well or at allunder 1%2%

Deprivation

The 3 neighbourhoods around this street are in deciles 4 to 9 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.

Source: English Indices of Deprivation 2025 (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), by LSOA (about 1,500 people), through the ONS Postcode Directory. The index combines income, employment, health, education, crime, housing and living environment; it ranks areas against each other and does not describe any one household. Ranks in England and Wales are worked out separately and cannot be compared.

What has changed

  • Energy certificates New energy certificate: band C, house, semi-detached (lodged 21 October 2026) found 2 November 2026
  • Energy certificates New energy certificate: band D, bungalow, detached (lodged 21 October 2026) found 2 November 2026

Everything that has changed on and near this street

Postcodes on this street

Source: ONS Postcode Directory August 2026, ONS UPRN Directory September 2026, OS Open Linked Identifiers September 2026. A postcode can cover more than one street; the share shows how many of its addresses are on this one.

Nearby streets

Jasmine Close · Butterfield Crescent · Belvedere Close · Arlington Drive · Althorp Close · Delamere Close · Broom Avenue · Butterfield Crescent · Salcey Close · Ashton Close · Denton Way · Charnwood Close

All the streets in DE55 and across Amber Valley.

What this page cannot tell you

  • Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
  • What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
  • How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
  • Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
  • Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
  • How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
  • Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
  • How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.

How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.