Edison Drive Spennymoor, County Durham
166 addresses across 9 postcodes (DL16), about 500 m (0.3 miles) long, classed as a local road. USRN 11600999.
- Sales: 103 recorded sales since 1995; in 2026 the median was £149,950 across 3 sales.
- Energy: 157 homes have an energy certificate (B: 156, C: 1).
- Flood: 37 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
- Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band A; Band D in County Durham costs £2,622 a year in 2026-27.
- Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 89% to 100% of premises.
- Transport: The nearest railway station is Bishop Auckland, about 7.3 km (4.5 miles) away in a straight line.
- Green space: The nearest park or garden, Tudhoe Moor, is about 820 m (0.5 miles) away.
- Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 5.6 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 5.6 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
- Height: Its addresses are 116 to 119 m above sea level.
- Noise: 25 of its 167 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
- Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is St Andrew's Medical Practice, about 830 m (0.5 miles) away, with 2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
- People: About 1,120 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 81% of households owned their home and 37% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
- Crime: 71 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.
Sales on this street
| Year | Sales | Median price | Lowest | Highest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3 | £149,950 | £125,000 | £240,000 |
| 2025 | 1 | £132,000 | £132,000 | £132,000 |
| 2024 | 2 | £154,500 | £154,000 | £155,000 |
| 2023 | 2 | £143,500 | £130,000 | £157,000 |
| 2022 | 4 | £131,748 | £106,250 | £148,995 |
| 2021 | 13 | £154,000 | £124,995 | £169,500 |
| 2020 | 1 | £133,500 | £133,500 | £133,500 |
| 2019 | 1 | £133,000 | £133,000 | £133,000 |
| 2018 | 12 | £139,295 | £126,000 | £199,995 |
| 2017 | 4 | £137,995 | £135,955 | £189,995 |
| 2016 | 1 | £139,995 | £139,995 | £139,995 |
| 2015 | 1 | £146,995 | £146,995 | £146,995 |
| Date | Address | Type | Price | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Jun 2026 | 33 DL16 7UW | Detached | £240,000 | |
| 18 May 2026 | 81 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £149,950 | |
| 31 Mar 2026 | 77 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £125,000 | |
| 31 Mar 2026 | 77 DL16 7UW | Other | £62,500 | Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 24 Jun 2025 | 9 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £132,000 | |
| 18 Dec 2024 | 16 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £155,000 | |
| 13 Dec 2024 | 9 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £140,000 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 21 Oct 2024 | 8 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £154,000 | |
| 27 Oct 2023 | 18 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £130,000 | |
| 6 Feb 2023 | 7 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £157,000 | |
| 27 Jul 2022 | 42 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £106,250 | |
| 14 Jun 2022 | 81 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £138,500 | |
| 4 Mar 2022 | 37 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £148,995 | New build. |
| 21 Jan 2022 | 41 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £124,995 | New build. |
| 22 Dec 2021 | 43 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £124,995 | New build. |
| 22 Dec 2021 | 45 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £124,995 | New build. |
| 17 Dec 2021 | 1 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £161,495 | |
| 17 Dec 2021 | 35 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £158,995 | New build. |
| 17 Dec 2021 | 3 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £135,375 | |
| 15 Dec 2021 | 39 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £124,995 | New build. |
| 26 Nov 2021 | 47 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £159,995 | New build. |
| 19 Nov 2021 | 49 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £159,995 | New build. |
| 5 Nov 2021 | 31 DL16 7UW | Detached | £169,500 | |
| 1 Oct 2021 | 10 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £165,000 | |
| 24 Sep 2021 | 5A DL16 7UW | Terraced | £154,000 | |
| 3 Aug 2021 | 11 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £135,000 | |
| 29 Mar 2021 | 19 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £133,000 | |
| 27 Mar 2020 | 16 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £133,500 | |
| 17 Mar 2020 | 22 DL16 7UW | Detached | £142,000 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 17 Mar 2020 | 40 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 31 Jul 2019 | 2 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £133,000 | |
| 28 Jun 2019 | 77 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £142,500 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 28 Jun 2019 | 81 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £142,500 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 28 Jun 2019 | 79 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £137,750 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 65 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 67 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 69 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 71 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 73 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 26 Jun 2019 | 75 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £110,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 21 Dec 2018 | 33 DL16 7UW | Detached | £199,995 | New build. |
| 18 Dec 2018 | 23 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £100,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 18 Dec 2018 | 25 DL16 7UW | Flat or maisonette | £100,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 18 Dec 2018 | 27 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £100,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 18 Dec 2018 | 29 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £100,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 14 Dec 2018 | 31 DL16 7UW | Detached | £164,500 | New build. |
| 26 Oct 2018 | 4 DL16 7UW | Terraced | £127,000 | |
| 12 Oct 2018 | 5A DL16 7UW | Terraced | £140,595 | |
| 28 Sep 2018 | 58 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £95,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 28 Sep 2018 | 60 DL16 7UW | Semi-detached | £95,000 | New build. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
Energy performance certificates
157 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 76 m². Most common: House, semi-detached (67); House, detached (42); House, end-terrace (30). Built: 2018 (86); 2020 (33); 2016 (15). Tenure at assessment: owner-occupied (24); rented (social) (1).
Each home's certificates and sales (98 addresses)
- 2, Bell Road
- 2, Claude Road
- 2, Edison Drive
- 2, Moore Road
- 4 Edison Drive
- 4, Bell Road
- 5, Swan Walk
- 5a, Edison Drive
- 6, Bell Road
- 6, Edison Drive
- 6, Moore Road
- 7, Edison Drive
- 7, Moore Road
- 7a, Edison Drive
- 8, Bell Road
- 8, Moore Road
- 9, Edison Drive
- 9, Moore Road
- 9, Swan Walk
- 9, Woodward Road
- 9a, Edison Drive
- 10, Edison Drive
- 10, Moore Road
- 11, Edison Drive
- 11, Moore Road
- 12, Bell Road
- 12, Claude Road
- 12, Edison Drive
- 12, Moore Road
- 14, Claude Road
- 14, Edison Drive
- 15, Edison Drive
- 15, Woodward Road
- 16, Claude Road
- 16, Edison Drive
- 17, Edison Drive
- 18, Claude Road
- 18, Edison Drive
- 19, Edison Drive
- 19, Moore Road
- 19a, Woodward Road
- 20, Edison Drive
- 20, Moore Road
- 21, Edison Drive
- 22, Claude Road
- 22, Edison Drive
- 22, Moore Road
- 23, Edison Drive
- 24, Edison Drive
- 26, Claude Road
- 26, Edison Drive
- 28, Edison Drive
- 29, Edison Drive
- 30, Edison Drive
- 32, Edison Drive
- 34, Claude Road
- 34, Edison Drive
- 36, Claude Road
- 36, Edison Drive
- 38, Edison Drive
- 40, Edison Drive
- 42, Claude Road
- 42, Edison Drive
- 44, Claude Road
- 44, Edison Drive
- 46, Claude Road
- 46, Edison Drive
- 48, Claude Road
- 48, Edison Drive
- 50, Claude Road
- 50, Edison Drive
- 51, Edison Drive
- 52, Edison Drive
- 53, Edison Drive
- 54, Edison Drive
- 55, Edison Drive
- 56, Edison Drive
- 57, Edison Drive
- 58, Edison Drive
- 59, Edison Drive
- 60, Edison Drive
- 61, Edison Drive
- 62, Edison Drive
- 63, Edison Drive
- 64, Edison Drive
- 65, Edison Drive
- 66, Edison Drive
- 67, Edison Drive
- 68, Edison Drive
- 69, Edison Drive
- 70, Edison Drive
- 71, Edison Drive
- 72, Edison Drive
- 73, Edison Drive
- 75, Edison Drive
- 77, Edison Drive
- 79, Edison Drive
- 81, Edison Drive
Council tax
What each band costs in County Durham in 2026-27: Band D £2,622 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| £1,748 | £2,039 | £2,331 | £2,622 | £3,205 | £3,788 | £4,370 | £5,244 |
Homes by band in the neighbourhoods around this street: most are in band A (44% of about 2,130 homes).
Planning and heritage
- Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
- Listed buildings on or by this street: none.
- Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
- Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
- Green belt: no.
Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)
- Former Electrolux site, Merrington Lane Ind Est: up to 425 homes, Started (340 m)
- Mount Pleasant Grange: up to 15 homes, permissioned (860 m (0.5 miles))
Roadworks
No street works under way, planned or finished in the last three months on this street, in permits up to 31 October 2026.
Flood risk
Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 19 addresses are in areas at high risk, 18 at medium risk and 15 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.
Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.
High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.
Flood zone for planning: no postcode centre on this street is in flood zone 2 or 3.
| Postcode | Planning zone | Addresses at high / medium / low risk | Groundwater |
|---|---|---|---|
| DL16 7UW | not in 2 or 3 | 15 / 16 / 7 | unlikely |
| DL16 7FX | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 3 | unlikely |
| DL16 7GR | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| DL16 7FY | not in 2 or 3 | 2 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| DL16 7US | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| DL16 7WA | not in 2 or 3 | 1 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| DL16 7UU | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| DL16 7RS | not in 2 or 3 | 1 / 2 / 1 | unlikely |
| DL16 7XL | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
Height above sea level
The street's 167 addresses are between 116 m and 119 m above sea level (118 m on average).
Broadband
| Postcode | Superfast (30 Mbit/s+) | Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+) | Gigabit | Below 10 Mbit/s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DL16 7FX | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7FY | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7GR | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7RS | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7US | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7UU | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7UW | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7WA | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| DL16 7XL | 89% | 89% | 89% | 0% |
Getting around
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Railway stations | Bishop Auckland 169,000 journeys in 2024–25 | 7.3 km (4.5 miles) |
| Shildon 60,000 journeys in 2024–25 | 8.4 km (5.2 miles) | |
| Newton Aycliffe 78,000 journeys in 2024–25 | 9.2 km (5.7 miles) | |
| Bus stops | 4 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 26 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Coulson St Merrington Lane | 230 m |
| Bus or coach station | High Street Spennymoor | 1 km (0.6 miles) |
| Car parks | 1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Asda Spennymoor Car Park | 790 m (0.5 miles) |
| EV charging points | 3 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Be.EV Charging Station | 860 m (0.5 miles) |
| Airport with scheduled flights | Teesside International Airport MME | 23.1 km (14 miles) |
| Nearest large airport | Newcastle International Airport NCL | 38.6 km (24 miles) |
Local services
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| GP surgeries | 2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest St Andrew's Medical Practice | 830 m (0.5 miles) |
| Pharmacies | 4 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Asda Pharmacy | 790 m (0.5 miles) |
| NHS dentists | 2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Dental Avenue - Clyde Terrace | 1.2 km (0.8 miles) |
| Hospital | Bishop Auckland Hospital | 7.4 km (4.6 miles) |
| Police station | Spennymoor Police Station | 900 m (0.6 miles) |
| Cash machines | Morrisons Daily - Spennymoor Cashzone | 1 km (0.6 miles) |
Parks and green space
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Park or garden | Tudhoe Moor 2,070 m² | 820 m (0.5 miles) |
| Play area | 4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 380 m² | 280 m |
| Playing field | 1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 5,500 m² | 640 m (0.4 miles) |
| Allotments | 5 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Steam Mill Allotments 1.6 ha | 270 m |
Landmarks
The nearest historic landmark is Durham Castle and Cathedral, a World Heritage Site, 8.7 km (5.4 miles) north. 3 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles).
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| Durham Castle and Cathedral | World Heritage Site | 8.7 km (5.4 miles) north |
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| Fox Covert | Wood | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) south |
| Cow Plantation | Wood | 1.6 km (1 mile) north-west |
| Black Plantation | Wood | 2.4 km (1.5 miles) north-west |
| Trotter Wood | Wood | 2.4 km (1.5 miles) north-west |
| Claxburn Wood | Wood | 2.6 km (1.6 miles) north-west |
| Etty Hill | Hill | 3.6 km (2.3 miles) south-west |
Air quality
| Pollutant | Here | UK limit | WHO guideline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) | 5.6 | 40 | 10 |
| Fine particles (PM2.5) | 5.6 | 20 | 5 |
| Particles (PM10) | 10.2 | 40 | 15 |
All three are within the UK legal limits; PM2.5 is above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.
Road and rail noise
| Level | Road traffic | Railways |
|---|---|---|
| 65 to 69 | 1 | 0 |
| 55 to 59 | 24 | 0 |
| Under 55 | 142 | 167 |
25 of the street's 167 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.
Climate, daylight and earthquakes
Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for County Durham: see them on the County Durham page.
Nearest schools
| School | Phase | Ages | Distance | Inspection |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Park Primary School | Primary | 2–11 | 570 m (0.4 miles) | Good (Mar 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Tudhoe Moor Nursery School | Nursery | 0–5 | 700 m (0.4 miles) | No published inspection |
| St Charles' Catholic Primary School, Tudhoe Roman Catholic | Primary | 3–11 | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | No published inspection |
| Springmoor Grange School | Primary | 2–11 | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | Good (Jun 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| King Street Primary School | Primary | 2–11 | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | Good (Jan 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Rosa Street Primary and Nursery Academy | Primary | 2–11 | 1.4 km (0.9 miles) | Good (Oct 2019, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Ferryhill School | Secondary | 11–16 | 1.5 km (0.9 miles) | No published inspection |
| Middlestone Moor Academy | Primary | 2–11 | 1.7 km (1 mile) | Report card (Feb 2026): Curriculum and teaching: Expected standard; Achievement: Expected standard; Attendance and behaviour: Expected standard; Personal development and wellbeing: Strong standard; Inclusion: Expected standard; Leadership and governance: Expected standard; Early years: Needs attention; Safeguarding standards: Met |
| Whitworth Park Academy | Secondary | 11–16 | 1.8 km (1.1 miles) | Good (Oct 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Dean Bank Primary and Nursery School | Primary | 3–11 | 2 km (1.2 miles) | Requires improvement (May 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
Food hygiene ratings nearby
| Business | Type | Distance | Rating | Rated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Winning Post DL16 7RY | Pub/bar/nightclub | 260 m | 5 Very good | 20 May 2026 |
| Pixley Dell Day Nursery DL16 7RS | Hospitals/Childcare/Caring Premises | 280 m | 5 Very good | 12 Jan 2026 |
| The Frog and Ferret DL16 7RS | Pub/bar/nightclub | 290 m | 5 Very good | 4 Sep 2023 |
| Low Spennymoor & Merrington Lane Working Mens Club DL16 6EN | Pub/bar/nightclub | 490 m (0.3 miles) | 4 Good | 4 May 2023 |
Crime within 250 m
| Category | Crimes |
|---|---|
| Violence and sexual offences | 36 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 18 |
| Other theft | 4 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 4 |
| Public order | 3 |
| Other crime | 2 |
| Burglary | 2 |
| Drugs | 1 |
| Vehicle crime | 1 |
Most of these are attached to: On or near Faraday Close (38); On or near Bell Road (11); On or near Edison Drive (5); On or near Spencer Road (5); On or near Woodward Road (4).
People and work
Who lives here
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Median age | 34 | 40 |
| Children under 15 | 20% | 17% |
| Aged 65 and over | 11% | 18% |
Homes
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Owned (outright or with a mortgage) | 81% | 61% |
| Owned outright | 26% | 33% |
| Shared ownership | 4% | 1% |
| Social rented | 7% | 17% |
| Private rented | 8% | 21% |
Work and commuting
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Adults (16 and over) in work | 75% | 57% |
| Unemployment (of those working or looking for work) | 3% | 6% |
| Retired (of adults) | 14% | 22% |
| Long-term sick or disabled (of adults) | 1% | 4% |
| Work mainly from home (of those in work) | 27% | 32% |
| Travel to work by car or van | 67% | 48% |
| By train, Underground, metro or tram | under 1% | 4% |
| By any public transport, including bus | 2% | 8% |
| On foot or by bicycle | 3% | 10% |
| Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work) | 44% | 65% |
| Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away | 9% | 8% |
Education and languages
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults) | 37% | 34% |
| No qualifications | 8% | 18% |
| Apprenticeship as highest qualification | 5% | 5% |
| Main language English (aged 3 and over) | 99% | 91% |
| Cannot speak English well or at all | under 1% | 2% |
Deprivation
The 2 neighbourhoods around this street are in deciles 2 to 7 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.
What has changed
Nothing new since the change feed started on 30 October 2026. New sales and energy certificates, and hygiene ratings, school inspections and flood figures nearby, will be listed here as the sources update.
Postcodes on this street
- DL16 7UW: 79 addresses of 87 in the postcode
- DL16 7FX: 29 addresses of 46 in the postcode
- DL16 7GR: 25 addresses of 48 in the postcode
- DL16 7FY: 23 addresses of 45 in the postcode
- DL16 7US: 3 addresses of 46 in the postcode
- DL16 7WA: 3 addresses of 49 in the postcode
- DL16 7UU: 2 addresses of 35 in the postcode
- DL16 7RS: 1 address of 76 in the postcode
- DL16 7XL: 1 address of 25 in the postcode
Nearby streets
Perkins Walk · Woodward Road · Faraday Close · Woodrow Way · Moore Road · Swan Walk · Bell Road · Claude Road · Spencer Road · Spencer Road · Coulson Street · Sunnybrow Close
All the streets in DL16 and across County Durham.
What this page cannot tell you
- Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
- What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
- How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
- Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
- Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
- How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
- Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
- How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.
How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.