Harper Avenue Wolverhampton
113 addresses across 4 postcodes (WV11), about 470 m (0.3 miles) long, classed as a local road. USRN 44822710.
- Sales: 65 recorded sales since 1995; in 2025 the median was £175,000 across 1 sale.
- Energy: 71 homes have an energy certificate (B: 3, C: 43, D: 19, E: 5, F: 1).
- Flood: 25 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
- Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band A; Band D in Wolverhampton costs £2,539 a year in 2026-27.
- Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 100% of premises.
- Transport: The nearest railway station is Wolverhampton, about 3.3 km (2 miles) away in a straight line.
- Green space: There is a small park or garden about 470 m (0.3 miles) away, and Wednesfield Park (7.4 hectares) is about 680 m (0.4 miles) away.
- Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 11.4 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 7.4 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
- Height: Its addresses are 146 to 149 m above sea level.
- Noise: 1 of its 113 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
- Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is Dr St Pierre-Libberton, about 780 m (0.5 miles) away, with 4 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
- People: About 570 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 49% of households owned their home and 18% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
- Crime: 100 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.
Sales on this street
| Year | Sales | Median price | Lowest | Highest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1 | £175,000 | £175,000 | £175,000 |
| 2024 | 3 | £210,000 | £95,000 | £225,000 |
| 2022 | 1 | £90,000 | £90,000 | £90,000 |
| 2021 | 4 | £135,000 | £80,000 | £170,000 |
| 2019 | 4 | £130,250 | £76,500 | £161,000 |
| 2016 | 3 | £119,000 | £68,000 | £120,000 |
| 2014 | 4 | £98,000 | £62,000 | £125,000 |
| 2013 | 3 | £106,500 | £96,000 | £110,000 |
| 2011 | 1 | £115,000 | £115,000 | £115,000 |
| 2008 | 3 | £109,750 | £100,000 | £130,000 |
| 2007 | 3 | £125,000 | £115,000 | £125,000 |
| 2006 | 2 | £91,000 | £74,000 | £108,000 |
| Date | Address | Type | Price | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 Jun 2025 | 139 WV11 1HA | Terraced | £175,000 | |
| 4 Jun 2024 | 46 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £225,000 | |
| 26 Jan 2024 | 40 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £210,000 | |
| 13 Jan 2024 | 87 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £95,000 | Leasehold. |
| 15 Mar 2023 | 113 WV11 1HA | Terraced | £150,000 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 18 Nov 2022 | 64 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £90,000 | Leasehold. |
| 8 Oct 2021 | 133 WV11 1HA | Terraced | £120,000 | |
| 27 Sep 2021 | 26 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £170,000 | |
| 4 Jun 2021 | 72 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £80,000 | Leasehold. |
| 31 Mar 2021 | 123 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £150,000 | |
| 29 Nov 2019 | 49 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £161,000 | |
| 14 Jun 2019 | 11 WV11 1HF | Terraced | £127,500 | |
| 9 Apr 2019 | 76 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £76,500 | Leasehold. |
| 5 Feb 2019 | 129 WV11 1HA | Terraced | £133,000 | |
| 23 Oct 2018 | 9 WV11 1HF | Terraced | £127,500 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 27 Jan 2017 | 2 WV11 1HF | Terraced | £124,300 | Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 2 Dec 2016 | 143 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £119,000 | |
| 28 Jun 2016 | 24 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £120,000 | |
| 24 Jun 2016 | 72 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £68,000 | Leasehold. |
| 16 Mar 2016 | 25 WV11 1HF | Flat or maisonette | £67,000 | Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 23 May 2014 | 25 WV11 1HF | Flat or maisonette | £62,000 | Leasehold. |
| 9 May 2014 | 52 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £125,000 | |
| 6 May 2014 | 56 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £122,000 | |
| 14 Apr 2014 | 64 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £58,500 | Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer). |
| 3 Mar 2014 | 14 WV11 1HF | Terraced | £74,000 | |
| 18 Oct 2013 | 143 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £110,000 | |
| 26 Apr 2013 | 59 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £96,000 | |
| 11 Apr 2013 | 26 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £106,500 | |
| 11 Nov 2011 | 56 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £115,000 | |
| 15 May 2008 | 8 WV11 1HF | Semi-detached | £109,750 | |
| 25 Apr 2008 | 32 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £130,000 | |
| 11 Feb 2008 | 97 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £100,000 | |
| 16 Oct 2007 | 24 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £125,000 | |
| 28 Sep 2007 | 4 WV11 1HF | Semi-detached | £115,000 | |
| 8 Feb 2007 | 56 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £125,000 | |
| 26 Sep 2006 | 40 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £108,000 | |
| 27 Jan 2006 | 72 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £74,000 | Leasehold. |
| 23 Sep 2005 | 80 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £94,000 | |
| 15 Jul 2005 | 59 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £105,000 | |
| 15 Jul 2005 | 26 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £99,950 | |
| 20 May 2005 | 76 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £50,000 | Leasehold. |
| 5 Nov 2004 | 55 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £87,000 | |
| 22 Oct 2004 | 49 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £92,850 | |
| 4 Jun 2004 | 10 WV11 1HF | Terraced | £86,950 | |
| 23 Oct 2003 | 40 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £86,950 | |
| 28 Mar 2003 | 48 WV11 1HD | Semi-detached | £79,000 | |
| 16 Oct 2002 | 64 WV11 1HA | Flat or maisonette | £43,000 | Leasehold. |
| 29 Jul 2002 | 117 WV11 1HA | Semi-detached | £53,500 | |
| 26 Nov 2001 | 32 WV11 1HD | Terraced | £59,000 | |
| 26 Oct 2001 | 25 WV11 1HF | Flat or maisonette | £23,000 | Leasehold. |
Energy performance certificates
71 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 66 m². Most common: House, semi-detached (20); Flat (19); House, end-terrace (13). Built: 1950-1966 (64); 1930-1949 (6); 1967-1975 (1). Tenure at assessment: owner-occupied (36); rented (social) (21); rented (private) (7).
Each home's certificates and sales (45 addresses)
- 1, Harper Avenue
- 2, Harper Avenue
- 3, Harper Avenue
- 4, Harper Avenue
- 7, Harper Avenue
- 11, Harper Avenue
- 14, Harper Avenue
- 18, Harper Avenue
- 19, Harper Avenue
- 21, Harper Avenue
- 22, Harper Avenue
- 23, Harper Avenue
- 24, Harper Avenue
- 26, Harper Avenue
- 35, Harper Avenue
- 38, Harper Avenue
- 47, Harper Avenue
- 49, Harper Avenue
- 50, Harper Avenue
- 52, Harper Avenue
- 56, Harper Avenue
- 58, Harper Avenue
- 59 Harper Avenue
- 62, Harper Avenue
- 64, Harper Avenue
- 65, Harper Avenue
- 66, Harper Avenue
- 67, Harper Avenue
- 69, Harper Avenue
- 70, Harper Avenue
- 75, Harper Avenue
- 78, Harper Avenue
- 85, Harper Avenue
- 93, Harper Avenue
- 95, Harper Avenue
- 97, Harper Avenue
- 101, Harper Avenue
- 103, Harper Avenue
- 119, Harper Avenue
- 125, Harper Avenue
- 127, Harper Avenue
- 129, Harper Avenue
- 133, Harper Avenue
- 137, Harper Avenue
- 143, Harper Avenue
Council tax
What each band costs in Wolverhampton in 2026-27: Band D £2,539 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| £1,693 | £1,975 | £2,257 | £2,539 | £3,103 | £3,667 | £4,232 | £5,078 |
Homes by band in the neighbourhood around this street: most are in band A (77% of about 790 homes).
Planning and heritage
- Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
- Listed buildings on or by this street: none.
- Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
- Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
- Green belt: no.
Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)
- 73 Bellamy Lane Wolverhampton WV11 1LH: up to 1 home, permissioned (460 m (0.3 miles))
- Axiom Building Solutions 280 Wood End Road Wolverhampton WV11 1YD, permissioned (500 m (0.3 miles))
- Tarrans Housing Renewal (Wood End - Orchard Road): up to 12 homes, not permissioned (500 m (0.3 miles))
- Land adjoining 109 Blackhalve Lane WV11 1BB, permissioned (510 m (0.3 miles))
- 71 Blackhalve Lane Wolverhampton WV11 1BQ: up to 1 home, permissioned (520 m (0.3 miles))
- 8-10 Fairview Road Wednesfield Wolverhampton WV11 1BY: up to 2 homes, permissioned (550 m (0.3 miles))
- Nisalocal 4 - 6 Blackhalve Lane WV11 1BH, completed (580 m (0.4 miles))
- Land Between 12 and 13 Sundour Crescent Wolverhampton WV11 1AP: up to 1 home, permissioned (670 m (0.4 miles))
Roadworks
Finished in the last three months
- 25 September 2026: SEVERN TRENT WATER, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (minor works)
Flood risk
Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 6 addresses are in areas at high risk, 19 at medium risk and 29 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.
Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.
High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.
Flood zone for planning: no postcode centre on this street is in flood zone 2 or 3.
| Postcode | Planning zone | Addresses at high / medium / low risk | Groundwater |
|---|---|---|---|
| WV11 1HD | not in 2 or 3 | 3 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| WV11 1HA | not in 2 or 3 | 3 / 14 / 7 | unlikely |
| WV11 1HF | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 3 | unlikely |
| WV11 1ED | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 5 / 18 | unlikely |
Height above sea level
The street's 113 addresses are between 146 m and 149 m above sea level (148 m on average).
Broadband
| Postcode | Superfast (30 Mbit/s+) | Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+) | Gigabit | Below 10 Mbit/s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WV11 1ED | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| WV11 1HA | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| WV11 1HD | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| WV11 1HF | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
Getting around
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Railway stations | Wolverhampton 5.2 million journeys in 2024–25 | 3.3 km (2 miles) |
| Bloxwich North 123,000 journeys in 2024–25 | 5.1 km (3.2 miles) | |
| Bloxwich 114,000 journeys in 2024–25 | 5.3 km (3.3 miles) | |
| Bus stops | 17 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 51 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Long Knowle Lane Wood End | 120 m |
| Bus or coach station | Wolverhampton Bus Station | 3.5 km (2.2 miles) |
| Car parks | Raynor Parade Car Park | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) |
| EV charging points | 5 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest MFG Charging Station | 650 m (0.4 miles) |
| Airport with scheduled flights | Birmingham Airport BHX | 29 km (18 miles) |
Local services
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| GP surgeries | 4 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Dr St Pierre-Libberton | 780 m (0.5 miles) |
| Pharmacies | 7 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Essington Dispensing Chemists | 430 m (0.3 miles) |
| NHS dentists | 7 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Cannock Road Dental Practice | 740 m (0.5 miles) |
| Hospital | New Cross Hospital Royal Wolverhampton | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) |
| Police station | West Midlands Police Wolverhampton East Operational Command Unit | 1.4 km (0.9 miles) |
| Cash machines | 4 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Family Shopper Cashzone | 480 m (0.3 miles) |
Parks and green space
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Park or garden | 2 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 4,670 m² | 470 m (0.3 miles) |
| Largest park within 800 m (0.5 miles) | Wednesfield Park 7.4 ha | 680 m (0.4 miles) |
| Play area | 1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 450 m² | 280 m |
| Playing field | 4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 1.1 ha | 290 m |
| Allotments | 2 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 4,310 m² | 580 m (0.4 miles) |
Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 2 parks and gardens, 7.9 hectares in all.
Landmarks
The nearest historic landmark is Cross in St Mary's churchyard, a scheduled monument, 1.9 km (1.2 miles) north-west.
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| Cross in St Mary's churchyard | Scheduled monument | 1.9 km (1.2 miles) north-west |
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| Bushbury Hill | Hill | 1.6 km (1 mile) north-west |
| Sandy Flatts | Wood | 2.3 km (1.4 miles) north-east |
| The Grove | Wood | 2.4 km (1.5 miles) north-west |
| Mill Ride | Wood | 2.7 km (1.7 miles) north |
| Wolverhampton Locks | Lake or reservoir | 3.1 km (1.9 miles) west |
| Whitgreave's Wood | Wood | 3.2 km (2 miles) north |
Air quality
| Pollutant | Here | UK limit | WHO guideline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) | 11.4 | 40 | 10 |
| Fine particles (PM2.5) | 7.4 | 20 | 5 |
| Particles (PM10) | 11.7 | 40 | 15 |
All three are within the UK legal limits; nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 are above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.
Road and rail noise
| Level | Road traffic | Railways |
|---|---|---|
| 55 to 59 | 1 | 0 |
| Under 55 | 112 | 113 |
1 of the street's 113 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.
Climate, daylight and earthquakes
Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Wolverhampton: see them on the Wolverhampton page.
Nearest schools
| School | Phase | Ages | Distance | Inspection |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long Knowle Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 220 m | No published inspection |
| Wood End Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 480 m (0.3 miles) | No overall grade (Feb 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good |
| D'Eyncourt Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 510 m (0.3 miles) | No published inspection |
| Wodensfield Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 660 m (0.4 miles) | No overall grade (Oct 2024, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good |
| St Thomas' Church of England Primary Academy | Primary | 3–11 | 780 m (0.5 miles) | Good (Jan 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| St Mary's Catholic Primary Academy Roman Catholic | Primary | 3–11 | 1 km (0.6 miles) | No published inspection |
| Fallings Park Primary School | Primary | 2–11 | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | Good (Apr 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Berrybrook Primary School | Primary | 2–11 | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | No published inspection |
| St Patrick's Catholic Primary Academy Roman Catholic | Primary | 3–11 | 1.2 km (0.7 miles) | Good (Jun 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Edward the Elder Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | No published inspection |
| Our Lady and St Chad Catholic Academy Roman Catholic | Secondary | 11–18 | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | No published inspection |
| Wednesfield Academy | Secondary | 11–18 | 1.4 km (0.9 miles) | No overall grade (Feb 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good |
Food hygiene ratings nearby
| Business | Type | Distance | Rating | Rated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Munch Inn Cafe WV11 1HZ | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 140 m | 2 Improvement necessary | 7 Jul 2026 |
| Dilraj Balti Cuisine WV11 1HZ | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 140 m | 3 Generally satisfactory | 18 Mar 2026 |
| China City WV11 1HZ | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 140 m | 5 Very good | 30 Jul 2026 |
| WV11 Local WV11 1HZ | Retailers - other | 140 m | Awaiting inspection | |
| Frangoz WV11 1HZ | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 140 m | 3 Generally satisfactory | 24 Feb 2026 |
| Qmin Restaurant WV11 1JP | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 250 m | 4 Good | 10 Sep 2025 |
| Abm Catering @ Long Knowle Primary School WV11 1EB | School/college/university | 250 m | 5 Very good | 16 Mar 2026 |
| Essington Dispensing Chemists WV11 1JG | Retailers - other | 430 m (0.3 miles) | Exempt | |
| GMP Off Licence & Groceries WV11 1JG | Retailers - other | 430 m (0.3 miles) | 5 Very good | 20 Aug 2019 |
| China Wok Takeaway Shop WV11 1YD | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 430 m (0.3 miles) | 4 Good | 2 Oct 2025 |
| Wood End Wines WV11 1YD | Retailers - other | 460 m (0.3 miles) | 5 Very good | 17 Nov 2023 |
| One Stop Stores Ltd WV11 1YD | Retailers - other | 460 m (0.3 miles) | 5 Very good | 1 May 2019 |
| The Baburchi Restaurant WV11 1YD | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 460 m (0.3 miles) | 4 Good | 1 Apr 2026 |
| D'Eyncourt Primary Club WV11 1DD | School/college/university | 480 m (0.3 miles) | 5 Very good | 2 Mar 2020 |
| Abm Catering @ D'Eyncourt Primary School WV11 1DD | School/college/university | 480 m (0.3 miles) | 5 Very good | 23 Jan 2026 |
Crime within 250 m
| Category | Crimes |
|---|---|
| Violence and sexual offences | 53 |
| Vehicle crime | 13 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 11 |
| Other theft | 6 |
| Public order | 4 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 4 |
| Possession of weapons | 3 |
| Other crime | 2 |
| Burglary | 2 |
| Theft from the person | 1 |
| Robbery | 1 |
Most of these are attached to: On or near Meredith Road (26); On or near Rydal Close (17); On or near The Garlands (14); On or near Grasmere Close (9); On or near Blackwood Avenue (7).
People and work
Who lives here
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Median age | 41 | 40 |
| Children under 15 | 18% | 17% |
| Aged 65 and over | 16% | 18% |
Homes
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Owned (outright or with a mortgage) | 49% | 61% |
| Owned outright | 24% | 33% |
| Shared ownership | under 1% | 1% |
| Social rented | 35% | 17% |
| Private rented | 15% | 21% |
Work and commuting
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Adults (16 and over) in work | 57% | 57% |
| Unemployment (of those working or looking for work) | 9% | 6% |
| Retired (of adults) | 17% | 22% |
| Long-term sick or disabled (of adults) | 7% | 4% |
| Work mainly from home (of those in work) | 10% | 32% |
| Travel to work by car or van | 67% | 48% |
| By train, Underground, metro or tram | under 1% | 4% |
| By any public transport, including bus | 7% | 8% |
| On foot or by bicycle | 12% | 10% |
| Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work) | 75% | 65% |
| Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away | 5% | 8% |
Education and languages
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults) | 18% | 34% |
| No qualifications | 25% | 18% |
| Apprenticeship as highest qualification | 8% | 5% |
| Main language English (aged 3 and over) | 94% | 91% |
| Cannot speak English well or at all | 1% | 2% |
Deprivation
The neighbourhood around this street is in decile 2 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.
What has changed
- Energy certificates New energy certificate: band C, house, mid-terrace (lodged 19 October 2026) found 2 November 2026
Postcodes on this street
- WV11 1HD: 52 addresses
- WV11 1HA: 34 addresses
- WV11 1HF: 26 addresses of 27 in the postcode
- WV11 1ED: 1 address of 57 in the postcode
Nearby streets
Grasmere Close · Rydal Close · The Garlands · Long Knowle Lane · Long Mill Avenue · Blackwood Avenue · Lower Prestwood Road · Long Mill South · Bellamy Lane · Long Mill North · Meredith Road · Mills Close
All the streets in WV11 and across Wolverhampton.
What this page cannot tell you
- Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
- What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
- How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
- Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
- Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
- How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
- Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
- How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.
How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.