Millmead Road Birmingham

123 addresses across 4 postcodes (B32), about 350 m long, classed as a local road. USRN 2704178.

  • Sales: 51 recorded sales since 1995; in 2025 the median was £230,000 across 1 sale.
  • Energy: 103 homes have an energy certificate (C: 34, D: 51, E: 11, F: 7).
  • Flood: No address on its postcodes is in an area at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
  • Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band A; Band D in Birmingham costs £2,363 a year in 2026-27.
  • Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 100% of premises.
  • Transport: The nearest railway station is Selly Oak, about 3 km (1.9 miles) away in a straight line.
  • Green space: The nearest park or garden, Woodgate Valley Country Park, is about 510 m (0.3 miles) away.
  • Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 11.0 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 7.3 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
  • Height: Its addresses are 154 to 172 m above sea level.
  • Noise: 1 of its 123 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
  • Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is Woodgate Valley Health Centre, about 870 m (0.5 miles) away, with 5 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
  • People: About 940 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 52% of households owned their home and 31% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
  • Crime: 109 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.

Sales on this street

Source: HM Land Registry Price Paid Data, sales registered up to 28 August 2026, loaded 28 October 2026. Sales reach the register two weeks to two months after completion, so the last two months are incomplete. Matched by postcode and street name.

Sales by year (standard sales only; repossessions and buy-to-let transfers excluded)
YearSalesMedian priceLowestHighest
20251£230,000£230,000£230,000
20241£182,000£182,000£182,000
20232£200,000£178,000£222,000
20221£165,000£165,000£165,000
20213£162,000£150,000£170,000
20181£119,000£119,000£119,000
20174£112,250£69,950£131,000
20161£112,000£112,000£112,000
20154£105,750£83,000£165,000
20121£90,000£90,000£90,000
20102£79,750£79,500£80,000
20091£80,000£80,000£80,000
Most recent sales (latest 50 of 51)
DateAddressTypePriceNotes
11 Apr 202571 B32 3AYSemi-detached£230,000
22 Nov 202451 B32 3AYTerraced£182,000
20 Dec 202331 B32 3AXSemi-detached£222,000
18 Oct 202323 B32 3AXSemi-detached£141,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
11 Aug 20239 B32 3AXFlat or maisonette£108,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
29 Mar 202322 B32 3AXSemi-detached£150,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
16 Jan 202320 B32 3AXTerraced£178,000
30 Mar 202261 B32 3AYTerraced£165,000
9 Jul 202148 B32 3AYSemi-detached£162,000
22 Feb 202127 B32 3AXSemi-detached£150,000
12 Feb 202171 B32 3AYSemi-detached£170,000
19 Sep 201974 B32 3AYSemi-detached£135,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
17 Jan 201863 B32 3AYTerraced£119,000
13 Dec 20179 B32 3AXFlat or maisonette£69,950Leasehold.
27 Oct 201724 B32 3AXSemi-detached£131,000
19 Oct 201722 B32 3AXSemi-detached£96,000
16 Jun 201761 B32 3AYTerraced£128,500
20 Apr 201717 B32 3AXSemi-detached£107,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
22 Dec 201645 B32 3AYSemi-detached£112,000
29 Jun 201622 B32 3AXSemi-detached£93,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
9 Dec 2015FLAT 6, 30 B32 3AXFlat or maisonette£83,000Leasehold.
26 Nov 201578 B32 3AYTerraced£165,000
27 May 201548 B32 3AYSemi-detached£94,000
3 Feb 201546 B32 3AYSemi-detached£117,500
28 Sep 201252 B32 3AYTerraced£90,000
26 Feb 201071 B32 3AYSemi-detached£79,500
26 Jan 201024 B32 3AXSemi-detached£80,000
13 Aug 200924 B32 3AXSemi-detached£80,000
20 Mar 200843 B32 3AYSemi-detached£91,000
27 Jul 200719 B32 3AXSemi-detached£120,000
6 Jul 200721 B32 3AXSemi-detached£111,500
1 Dec 200651 B32 3AYTerraced£124,000
11 Aug 200678 B32 3AYSemi-detached£150,000
31 Mar 200645 B32 3AYSemi-detached£102,000
10 Oct 200527 B32 3AXSemi-detached£110,000
20 Sep 200576 B32 3AYTerraced£63,000Leasehold.
31 May 200566 B32 3AYTerraced£97,500
8 Apr 200521 B32 3AXSemi-detached£89,000
12 Aug 200423 B32 3AXSemi-detached£73,500
25 Jun 200417 B32 3AXSemi-detached£83,500
10 Oct 200314 B32 3AXTerraced£67,000
28 Feb 200324 B32 3AXSemi-detached£64,950
6 Sep 20029 B32 3AXFlat or maisonette£31,000Leasehold.
12 Jul 200145 B32 3AYSemi-detached£44,000
18 May 200166 B32 3AYTerraced£46,000
8 Mar 200170 B32 3AYTerraced£44,000
21 Jul 200024 B32 3AXSemi-detached£40,000
6 Nov 199859 B32 3AYSemi-detached£33,500
9 Apr 199817 B32 3AXSemi-detached£40,000
3 Oct 199731 B32 3AXSemi-detached£42,000

Energy performance certificates

Source: Energy Performance of Buildings Register (MHCLG), register as at 1 November 2026. Latest certificate per address; certificates last ten years, so the oldest here dates from May 2009 and some homes have none. Address data © Ordnance Survey and Royal Mail, shown for understanding the energy efficiency of buildings only.

103 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 70 m². Most common: Flat (60); House, semi-detached (31); House, mid-terrace (6). Built: 1950-1966 (76); 1967-1975 (13); 1930-1949 (12). Tenure at assessment: rented (social) (71); owner-occupied (21); rented (private) (6).

Each home's certificates and sales (26 addresses)

Council tax

What each band costs in Birmingham in 2026-27: Band D £2,363 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.

ABCDEFGH
£1,575£1,838£2,100£2,363£2,888£3,413£3,938£4,726

Homes by band in the neighbourhoods around this street: most are in band A (34% of about 1,360 homes).

Sources: Valuation Office Agency, Council Tax: stock of properties, homes at 31 March 2026 (counts rounded to the nearest 10; some small counts withheld), for the 2 neighbourhoods (census areas of about 700 homes each) around it, not just this street; Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, council tax levels 2026-27. Bands are charged as fixed shares of Band D; the actual bill depends on the parish and on discounts such as the single-person discount. Check a home's own band with the official council tax band checker.

Planning and heritage

  • Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
  • Listed buildings on or by this street: none.
  • Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): CITY WIDE HMO.
  • Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Green belt: no.

Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)

Source: planning.data.gov.uk (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), compiled from councils and, for listed buildings, Historic England's National Heritage List. Conservation areas, Article 4 directions, tree preservation areas and the green belt are checked at each postcode's centre. Listed buildings and protected trees are counted on or by this street. Councils publish Article 4 directions, tree preservation orders and brownfield registers to different standards, and some not yet. Planning applications are not here: there is no national open record of them yet.

Roadworks

No street works under way, planned or finished in the last three months on this street, in permits up to 31 October 2026.

Source: Department for Transport, Street Manager open data, permits and works up to 31 October 2026. It is published once a month, so works arranged or started since then are not shown, and dates are the ones planned unless the works have started or finished. Emergency works are often permitted after they begin.

Flood risk

No address in this street's postcodes is in an area at high, medium or low risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water. The rest are in areas at very low risk: less than a 0.1% (1 in 1,000) chance a year.

Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.

High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.

Flood zone for planning: no postcode centre on this street is in flood zone 2 or 3.

Sources: Environment Agency Flood risk: postcode search tool data (loaded 29 October 2026), Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea: postcodes in areas at risk (loaded 29 October 2026) and Flood Map for Planning (loaded 28 October 2026). Flood zones are checked at each postcode's centre point. These are models of areas, which their publishers say are not suitable for showing whether an individual property is at risk, and they do not cover flooding from sewers or drains. Check an address on the official long-term flood risk service.

© Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2026. All rights reserved. Some features are based on digital spatial data from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, © NERC (CEH); the postcode data is produced in part from PAF® and Multiple Residence Data, © Royal Mail Group Limited.

Height above sea level

The street's 123 addresses are between 154 m and 172 m above sea level (161 m on average); the ground rises about 17 m from the lowest to the highest.

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Terrain 50, July 2026: the height of the ground on a 50 m grid, read at each address, in metres above Ordnance Datum (mean sea level at Newlyn). It is the lie of the land, not floor or threshold levels, and is accurate to a few metres. Being low-lying is not in itself a flood risk; the flood section above says what the flood maps show.

Broadband

Source: Ofcom Connected Nations, data as at January 2026. Percentages are of premises in each postcode that can get the service, not take-up or speed achieved.

Availability by postcode (% of premises)
PostcodeSuperfast (30 Mbit/s+)Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+)GigabitBelow 10 Mbit/s
B32 3AU100%100%100%0%
B32 3AX100%100%100%0%
B32 3AY100%100%100%0%
B32 3BA100%100%100%0%

Getting around

Sources: Department for Transport, NaPTAN (every public transport stop), as at 31 October 2026; Office of Rail and Road, Estimates of station usage 2024–25 (which stations are on the National Rail network, and their journeys: entries and exits in the year to March); OurAirports (public domain, kept by volunteers); car parks and charging points from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings from Meta, Microsoft, Foursquare and others: not an official register, so some will be missing, private or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street, not routes, and say nothing about how often anything runs. Stations opened since the end of ORR's year appear when ORR publishes the next one, each December; heritage railways are left out.

NearestDistance
Railway stationsSelly Oak 2.3 million journeys in 2024–253 km (1.9 miles)
University (Birmingham) 3.8 million journeys in 2024–253.2 km (2 miles)
Northfield 643,000 journeys in 2024–253.6 km (2.2 miles)
Bus stops7 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 41 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Overfield Drive Weoley Castle110 m
Bus or coach stationHalesowen Bus Station5.1 km (3.2 miles)
Car parksQ-Park Qemc2.9 km (1.8 miles)
EV charging pointsubitricity1.8 km (1.1 miles)
Airport with scheduled flightsBirmingham Airport BHX15.8 km (9.8 miles)

Local services

Sources: NHS Organisation Data Service, as at 31 October 2026: GP practices, community pharmacies and dental practices with an NHS contract, open now, each placed at the centre of its postcode; hospitals are NHS trust and Welsh health board sites named as hospitals, and may not have an emergency department. Police stations and cash machines from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings: not an official register, so some will be missing or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street. Nothing here says whether a practice is taking new patients or a dentist new NHS patients.

NearestDistance
GP surgeries5 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Woodgate Valley Health Centre870 m (0.5 miles)
Pharmacies7 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Dean Pharmacy620 m (0.4 miles)
NHS dentists2 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Imperial Dental Group - Weoley Castle330 m
HospitalRoyal Orthopaedic Hospital2.5 km (1.6 miles)
Police stationBournville Lane Police Station2.3 km (1.4 miles)
Cash machines1 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Snax 24 - Weoley Castle Cashzone300 m

Parks and green space

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Open Greenspace, April 2026: public parks and gardens, play spaces, playing fields and allotments, with their entrances. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to a site's nearest entrance (or its edge where none is recorded), not walking routes; sizes are the area OS maps for each site. Some sites, such as school playing fields, may not be open to the public.

NearestDistance
Park or garden4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Woodgate Valley Country Park 202 ha510 m (0.3 miles)
Play area4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 970 m²410 m (0.3 miles)
Playing field3 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Senneleys Park 39 ha110 m
AllotmentsShenley Lane Allotments 6,110 m²870 m (0.5 miles)

Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 4 parks and gardens, 206 hectares in all.

Landmarks

The nearest historic landmark is Weoley Castle, a scheduled monument, 780 m (0.5 miles) north-east. 2 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles).

Historic places
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Weoley CastleScheduled monument780 m (0.5 miles) north-east
Natural landmarks within 5 km (3.1 miles)
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Woodgate ValleyValley1.3 km (0.8 miles) north-west
Bartley ReservoirLake or reservoir1.7 km (1 mile) south-west
Broadhidley WoodWood1.9 km (1.2 miles) west
Bromwich WoodWood2.1 km (1.3 miles) south-west
Pitts WoodWood2.1 km (1.3 miles) north
Egg HillHill3.5 km (2.2 miles) south-west

Sources: Historic England's registers through planning.data.gov.uk (MHCLG), and Cadw through DataMapWales (Welsh Government): World Heritage Sites within 10 km (6.2 miles), battlefields within 5 km (3.1 miles), registered parks and gardens within 3 km (1.9 miles), scheduled monuments within 2 km (1.2 miles), and Grade I and II* listed buildings within 1 km (0.6 miles). Ordnance Survey, OS Open Names, October 2026: named hills, valleys, lakes, woods, wetlands and coast (it has no rivers). Distances are in a straight line to the middle of each site, and being on a register does not mean there is public access.

Air quality

Source: Defra, modelled background air pollution, annual means for 2024, for the 1 km square that holds the middle of the street. These are background levels, away from the kerb: beside a busy road nitrogen dioxide in particular can be several times higher. UK limits are the legal annual limits for England and Wales; the World Health Organization's 2021 guidelines are much stricter, and most towns and cities are above them.

Annual means in µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic metre of air)
PollutantHereUK limitWHO guideline
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)11.04010
Fine particles (PM2.5)7.3205
Particles (PM10)11.34015

All three are within the UK legal limits; nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 are above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.

Road and rail noise

Source: Defra, strategic noise mapping Round 4 (England), modelled for 2021 and published in December 2023, and its airport maps of the same round for the fifteen largest English airports, published in April 2026: Lden, the average sound level over a whole day with extra weight for the evening and night, on a 10 m grid, read at each address. These are models of traffic, not measurements; they leave out smaller airports and airfields, industry and neighbours, and a room at the back of a house is often much quieter than the front. The World Health Organization's guidelines are 53 dB for road traffic, 54 dB for railways and 45 dB for aircraft (below the lowest level shown here).

Addresses by modelled noise level (Lden, dB)
LevelRoad trafficRailways
55 to 5910
Under 55122123

1 of the street's 123 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.

Climate, daylight and earthquakes

Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Birmingham: see them on the Birmingham page.

Nearest schools

Source: Get Information About Schools (Department for Education), 3 November 2026; Ofsted monthly management information as at September 2026. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to the school; catchments and admissions are not shown. Since November 2025 Ofsted gives report-card grades by area, not one overall grade; older grades stand until a school is re-inspected.

SchoolPhaseAgesDistanceInspection
Hillcrest School and Sixth Form CentreSecondary11–18720 m (0.4 miles) No published inspection
Edith Cadbury Nursery SchoolNursery2–5730 m (0.5 miles) Good (Feb 2020, overall grade under the previous framework)
Jervoise SchoolPrimary3–11750 m (0.5 miles) Report card (Jul 2026): Curriculum and teaching: Expected standard; Achievement: Expected standard; Attendance and behaviour: Expected standard; Personal development and wellbeing: Strong standard; Inclusion: Expected standard; Leadership and governance: Strong standard; Early years: Strong standard; Safeguarding standards: Met
Weoley Castle Nursery SchoolNursery2–5800 m (0.5 miles) No published inspection
Princethorpe Infant SchoolPrimary3–7810 m (0.5 miles) No overall grade (Feb 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Outstanding; Behaviour and attitudes: Outstanding; Personal development: Outstanding; Leadership and management: Outstanding
Princethorpe Junior SchoolPrimary7–11810 m (0.5 miles) Good (Jun 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
Paganel Primary SchoolPrimary3–11920 m (0.6 miles) Good (Mar 2020, overall grade under the previous framework)
Woodcock Hill Primary SchoolPrimary4–111 km (0.6 miles) Good (Apr 2022, overall grade under the previous framework)
Shenley Fields Nursery SchoolNursery2–51 km (0.6 miles) No published inspection
Nonsuch Primary SchoolPrimary4–111 km (0.6 miles) Report card (Jan 2026): Curriculum and teaching: Expected standard; Achievement: Needs attention; Attendance and behaviour: Expected standard; Personal development and wellbeing: Expected standard; Inclusion: Expected standard; Leadership and governance: Expected standard; Early years: Expected standard; Safeguarding standards: Met
E-ACT Shenley AcademySecondary11–161.1 km (0.7 miles) No overall grade (Jun 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Requires improvement; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Requires improvement
Green Meadow Primary SchoolPrimary4–111.3 km (0.8 miles) Good (Sep 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)

Food hygiene ratings nearby

Source: Food Standards Agency, Food Hygiene Rating Scheme, extract of 3 November 2026. Each rating is shown with the date it was given; a business may have been re-inspected since the extract. Within 500 m (0.3 miles) of the middle of the street.

BusinessTypeDistanceRatingRated
Oakview Care Home Ltd B32 3BAHospitals/Childcare/Caring Premises70 m5 Very good7 Jan 2026
Weoley Castle Working Mens Club B29 5TYPub/bar/nightclub160 m4 Good31 Oct 2025
Castle Leisure B29 5UNRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen160 m5 Very good25 Sep 2023
Kings Hill Chinese Takeaway B29 5UNTakeaway/sandwich shop210 m4 Good21 May 2026
Kesh Services LTD B29 5RRRetailers - other300 m5 Very good15 Oct 2026
JKL Fernando B29 5RRRetailers - other300 m5 Very good7 Jun 2024
Kfc B29 5RTTakeaway/sandwich shop370 m5 Very good10 Jul 2023
Asda Stores B29 5UWRetailers - supermarkets/hypermarkets380 m5 Very good14 Aug 2026
Divine Sweets and Foods B29 5RPOther catering premises410 m (0.3 miles)Awaiting inspection
Lizzy Africana B29 5RTOther catering premises410 m (0.3 miles)Awaiting inspection

Crime within 250 m

Source: data.police.uk street-level crime, September 2025 to August 2026. Police forces move every crime to the nearest of about 760,000 anonymised map points before publishing, so these are crimes near this street, not on it, and a busy point can collect crimes from a wider area. Counts are of records, not convictions.

109 recorded crimes by category
CategoryCrimes
Violence and sexual offences32
Other theft28
Criminal damage and arson8
Vehicle crime7
Anti-social behaviour6
Burglary6
Shoplifting6
Other crime5
Robbery4
Public order4
Possession of weapons2
Drugs1

Most of these are attached to: On or near Petrol Station (58); On or near Parking Area (19); On or near Barn Croft (10); On or near Millcroft Close (9); On or near Millmead Road (6).

People and work

Source: ONS Census 2021, taken on 21 March 2021, for the 3 Output Areas (small census areas of about 125 households each) that this street's postcodes are in: 943 residents in 377 households. The census was taken during a lockdown, so working from home is high and travel to work low compared with now. ONS swaps a few records between neighbouring areas and adds small amounts of noise to counts to protect privacy, so small differences mean little. Industry is not published for areas this small.

Who lives here

Around this streetEngland
Median age4340
Children under 1518%17%
Aged 65 and over20%18%

Homes

Around this streetEngland
Owned (outright or with a mortgage)52%61%
Owned outright21%33%
Shared ownershipunder 1%1%
Social rented34%17%
Private rented13%21%

Work and commuting

Around this streetEngland
Adults (16 and over) in work51%57%
Unemployment (of those working or looking for work)9%6%
Retired (of adults)22%22%
Long-term sick or disabled (of adults)9%4%
Work mainly from home (of those in work)24%32%
Travel to work by car or van53%48%
By train, Underground, metro or tram1%4%
By any public transport, including bus13%8%
On foot or by bicycle8%10%
Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work)73%65%
Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away5%8%

Education and languages

Around this streetEngland
Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults)31%34%
No qualifications30%18%
Apprenticeship as highest qualification4%5%
Main language English (aged 3 and over)92%91%
Cannot speak English well or at all1%2%

Deprivation

The neighbourhoods around this street are all in decile 3 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.

Source: English Indices of Deprivation 2025 (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), by LSOA (about 1,500 people), through the ONS Postcode Directory. The index combines income, employment, health, education, crime, housing and living environment; it ranks areas against each other and does not describe any one household. Ranks in England and Wales are worked out separately and cannot be compared.

What has changed

Nothing new since the change feed started on 30 October 2026. New sales and energy certificates, and hygiene ratings, school inspections and flood figures nearby, will be listed here as the sources update.

Everything that has changed on and near this street

Postcodes on this street

Source: ONS Postcode Directory August 2026, ONS UPRN Directory September 2026, OS Open Linked Identifiers September 2026. A postcode can cover more than one street; the share shows how many of its addresses are on this one.

Nearby streets

Davena Drive · Barn Croft · Overfield Road · Millcroft Close · Napton Grove · Corn Mill Close · Hatherton Grove · Ludstone Road · Keresley Grove · Barnes Hill · Kingsdown Road · Salwarpe Grove

All the streets in B32 and across Birmingham.

What this page cannot tell you

  • Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
  • What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
  • How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
  • Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
  • Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
  • How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
  • Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
  • How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.

How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.