Stonegrove Edgware, Barnet
554 addresses across 14 postcodes (HA8), about 1.1 km (0.7 miles) long, classed as a a road. USRN 20022460.
- Energy: 170 homes have an energy certificate (B: 33, C: 72, D: 49, E: 14, F: 2).
- Flood: 31 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
- Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band E; Band D in Barnet costs £2,133 a year in 2026-27.
- Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 0% to 100% of premises.
- Transport: The nearest railway station is Mill Hill Broadway, about 2.1 km (1.3 miles) away in a straight line.
- Green space: The nearest park or garden, Stonegrove Park, is about 650 m (0.4 miles) away.
- Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 15.4 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 8.4 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
- Height: Its addresses are 51 to 63 m above sea level.
- Noise: 502 of its 554 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
- Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is Bacon Lane Surgery, about 590 m (0.4 miles) away, with 12 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
- People: About 1,860 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 39% of households owned their home and 41% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
- Crime: 331 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.
Sales on this street
No sales recorded on this street since January 1995 under this street name.
Energy performance certificates
170 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 53 m². Most common: Flat (160); Maisonette, mid-terrace (8); Maisonette, semi-detached (1). Built: 1900-1929 (48); 2018 (44); 1930-1949 (19). Tenure at assessment: rented (private) (66); owner-occupied (26).
Each home's certificates and sales (84 addresses)
- 3a Boot Parade, High Street
- 5a, Boot Parade, High Street
- 8a, Boot Parade, High Street
- 10a, High Street
- 10b, High Street
- 60a, High Street
- 60b, High Street
- 64a, High Street
- 72b, High Street
- 78a, High Street
- 78b, High Street
- 92a, High Street
- 98a, High Street
- 102B High Street
- 108b, High Street
- First Floor Flat, 80a, High Street
- First Floor Flat, 114, High Street
- Flat 1, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 1, 100 High Street
- Flat 1, 114, High Street
- Flat 1, 118, High Street
- Flat 1, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 2, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 2, 100 High Street
- Flat 2, 114, High Street
- Flat 2, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 3 Castleham Court, 180, High Street
- Flat 3, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 3, 100 High Street
- Flat 3, 114, High Street
- Flat 3, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 4, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 4, 100 High Street
- Flat 4, 106a, High Street
- Flat 4, 114, High Street
- Flat 4, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 5, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 5, 100 High Street
- Flat 5, 114 High Street
- Flat 5, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 6, 4-6, High Street
- Flat 6, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 7, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 8, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 9, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 10, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 11, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 12, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 13, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 14, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 15, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 16, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 17, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 18, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 19, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 20, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 21, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 22, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 23, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 24, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 25, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 26, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 27, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 28, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 29, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 30, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 31, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 32, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 33, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 34, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 35, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 36, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 37, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 38, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 39, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 40, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 41, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 42, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 43, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat 44, Berkeley House, 18 High Street
- Flat A, 68, High Street
- Flat A, 94a High Street
- Flat F, 68 High Street
- Rear Studio Flat, 106 High Street
Council tax
What each band costs in Barnet in 2026-27: Band D £2,133 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| £1,422 | £1,659 | £1,896 | £2,133 | £2,607 | £3,080 | £3,554 | £4,265 |
Homes by band in the neighbourhoods around this street: most are in band E (26% of about 2,340 homes).
Planning and heritage
- Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
- Listed buildings on or by this street: 10.
- Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): Article 4 Small Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO) Area 1.
- Tree preservation orders: 6 protected trees on or by this street.
- Green belt: no.
Listed buildings
- 65-67, HIGH STREET, grade II
- 85-89, HIGH STREET, grade II
- 95, HIGH STREET, grade II
- 97, HIGH STREET, grade II
- 99-101, HIGH STREET, grade II
- PAIR OF GATE PIERS AT ENTRANCE TO ROAD FROM THE HIGH STREET, grade II
- PAIR OF TELEPHONE KIOSKS THE BEE HIVE, grade II
- PARISH CHURCH OF ST MARGARET, grade II
- THE WHITE HART HOTEL, grade II
- WAR MEMORIAL, grade II
Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)
- Edgware Forumside, not permissioned (80 m)
- Edgware Town Centre, not permissioned (80 m)
- High Street, 29-45, Middlesex House, Floors 1 - 7, Edgware, permissioned (110 m)
- High Street, 29-45, Middlesex House, Floors 1 - 7, Edgware, permissioned (110 m)
- 42-46 Station Road, Edgware, Middlesex, HA8 7ZZ, permissioned (180 m)
- 42-46 Station Road, Edgware, Middlesex, HA8 7ZZ, permissioned (180 m)
- 102-124 Station Road And Car Park To Rear, Edgware, Middlesex, HA8 7BJ, permissioned (260 m)
- 102-124 Station Road And Car Park To Rear, Edgware, Middlesex, HA8 7BJ, permissioned (270 m)
Roadworks
Planned, as of 30 September 2026
- 5 October 2026 to 6 October 2026: BT, Utility asset works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (minor works, permit applied for)
Finished in the last three months
- 21 September 2026 to 28 September 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF BARNET, Highway improvement works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (standard works)
- 7 September 2026 to 15 September 2026: UK POWER NETWORKS EASTERN & LONDON, Utility repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
Flood risk
Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 12 addresses are in areas at high risk, 19 at medium risk and 38 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.
Rivers and the sea alone: of the 16 homes the Environment Agency counts, 0 are in areas at high risk, 2 medium, 11 low and 0 very low.
High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.
Flood zone for planning: at least one postcode centre is in flood zone 3. Zone 3 is a 1% (1 in 100) or greater annual chance of flooding from rivers, or 0.5% from the sea, ignoring defences.
| Postcode | Planning zone | Addresses at high / medium / low risk | Groundwater |
|---|---|---|---|
| HA8 7FT | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7EJ | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 5 | unlikely |
| HA8 7EL | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 3 / 14 | unlikely |
| HA8 7HF | not in 2 or 3 | 2 / 13 / 10 | unlikely |
| HA8 7EX | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7EF | zone 3 | 7 / 3 / 8 | unlikely |
| HA8 7HE | not in 2 or 3 | 3 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7EQ | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 5AN | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 1 | unlikely |
| HA8 7TT | not in 2 or 3 | ||
| HA8 7AB | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7JE | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7LW | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
| HA8 7ST | not in 2 or 3 | 0 / 0 / 0 | unlikely |
Height above sea level
The street's 556 addresses are between 51 m and 63 m above sea level (55 m on average); the ground rises about 13 m from the lowest to the highest.
Broadband
| Postcode | Superfast (30 Mbit/s+) | Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+) | Gigabit | Below 10 Mbit/s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HA8 5AN | 100% | 40% | 40% | 0% |
| HA8 7AB | 74% | 71% | 71% | 26% |
| HA8 7EF | 100% | 71% | 71% | 0% |
| HA8 7EJ | 93% | 93% | 93% | 7% |
| HA8 7EL | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7EQ | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7EX | 100% | 76% | 76% | 0% |
| HA8 7FT | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| HA8 7HE | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7HF | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7JE | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7LW | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| HA8 7ST | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
Getting around
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Railway stations | Mill Hill Broadway 1.9 million journeys in 2024–25 | 2.1 km (1.3 miles) |
| Kenton 1.4 million journeys in 2024–25 | 4.1 km (2.6 miles) | |
| Hendon 1.0 million journeys in 2024–25 | 4.3 km (2.7 miles) | |
| Underground, metro or tram | Edgware Underground Station | 480 m (0.3 miles) |
| Canons Park Underground Station | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) | |
| Burnt Oak Underground Station | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | |
| Bus stops | 13 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 34 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Whitchurch Lane Edgware | 20 m |
| Bus or coach station | Brunswick Road / Clarendon Road Ealing | 9.1 km (5.6 miles) |
| Ferry terminal | London Zoo Waterbus Stop Regents Park | 11.6 km (7.2 miles) |
| Car parks | Canons Park Station Car Park (TfL) | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) |
| EV charging points | 4 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest ubitricity | 930 m (0.6 miles) |
| Airport with scheduled flights | London Heathrow Airport LHR | 20 km (12 miles) |
Local services
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| GP surgeries | 12 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Bacon Lane Surgery | 590 m (0.4 miles) |
| Pharmacies | 16 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Medicare Dispensing Chemist | 160 m |
| NHS dentists | 19 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Handel Parade (Dental Surgery) | 160 m |
| Hospital | Edgware Hospital (Beh-Mht Services) | 650 m (0.4 miles) |
| Police station | Hendon Police | 2.7 km (1.7 miles) |
| Cash machines | 2 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Cash machine 51-53 Station Road Halifax | 270 m |
Parks and green space
| Nearest | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Park or garden | 1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Stonegrove Park 2.9 ha | 650 m (0.4 miles) |
| Play area | 4 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Deansbrook Playground 1,210 m² | 400 m (0.2 miles) |
| Playing field | 2 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Chandos Recreation Ground 10.0 ha | 350 m |
| Allotments | 2 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Deans Lane Allotments 2.1 ha | 640 m (0.4 miles) |
Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 1 park or garden, 2.9 hectares in all.
Landmarks
The nearest historic landmark is Church of St Lawrence, a listed building (Grade I), 760 m (0.5 miles) west. 16 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles), 1 of them Grade I.
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| Church of St Lawrence | Listed building, Grade I | 760 m (0.5 miles) west |
| Canons Park | Registered park or garden, Grade II | 1.1 km (0.7 miles) west |
| Name | What it is | From the middle of the street |
|---|---|---|
| The Spinney | Wood | 900 m (0.6 miles) west |
| The Lake | Lake or reservoir | 1 km (0.6 miles) north-west |
| Stoney Wood Lake | Lake or reservoir | 2.5 km (1.5 miles) north-east |
| Stoney Wood | Wood | 2.5 km (1.5 miles) north-east |
| Featherstone Hill | Hill | 3.2 km (2 miles) east |
| Holcombe Dale | Valley | 3.6 km (2.3 miles) north-east |
Air quality
| Pollutant | Here | UK limit | WHO guideline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) | 15.4 | 40 | 10 |
| Fine particles (PM2.5) | 8.4 | 20 | 5 |
| Particles (PM10) | 13.4 | 40 | 15 |
All three are within the UK legal limits; nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 are above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.
Road and rail noise
| Level | Road traffic | Railways |
|---|---|---|
| 75 dB or more | 23 | 0 |
| 70 to 74 | 85 | 0 |
| 65 to 69 | 293 | 0 |
| 60 to 64 | 81 | 0 |
| 55 to 59 | 20 | 0 |
| Under 55 | 52 | 554 |
502 of the street's 554 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.
Climate, daylight and earthquakes
Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Barnet: see them on the Barnet page.
Nearest schools
| School | Phase | Ages | Distance | Inspection |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edgware Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 230 m | No published inspection |
| Krishna Avanti Primary School Hindu | Primary | 3–11 | 680 m (0.4 miles) | No overall grade (Jun 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Outstanding; Behaviour and attitudes: Outstanding; Personal development: Outstanding; Leadership and management: Outstanding |
| Watling Park School | Primary | 4–11 | 710 m (0.4 miles) | No published inspection |
| Camrose Primary With Nursery | Primary | 3–11 | 1 km (0.6 miles) | Good (Jul 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Beit Shvidler Primary School Jewish | Primary | 3–11 | 1 km (0.6 miles) | No published inspection |
| Menorah Foundation School Jewish | Primary | 3–11 | 1 km (0.7 miles) | No overall grade (Feb 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Outstanding; Leadership and management: Good |
| Shalom Noam Primary School Jewish | Primary | 4–11 | 1.2 km (0.7 miles) | Good (Jun 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Stag Lane Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 1.2 km (0.7 miles) | No overall grade (Oct 2024, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good |
| Deansbrook Infant School | Primary | 3–7 | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | Good (Jun 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Deansbrook Junior School | Primary | 7–11 | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | Good (Mar 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Canons High School | Secondary | 11–18 | 1.3 km (0.8 miles) | Good (Jan 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) |
| Barnfield Primary School | Primary | 3–11 | 1.4 km (0.9 miles) | Good (Jun 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) |
Food hygiene ratings nearby
| Business | Type | Distance | Rating | Rated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kurk Grilled Chicken HA8 7EJ | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 30 m | 3 Generally satisfactory | 19 Jun 2025 |
| Mozzafellas HA8 7EJ | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 30 m | 4 Good | 28 Nov 2024 |
| Edgware Local HA8 7EJ | Retailers - other | 30 m | 2 Improvement necessary | 7 Feb 2025 |
| Cha Cha's Chicken HA8 7EJ | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 30 m | 4 Good | 12 Mar 2026 |
| Krunchies HA8 7EJ | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 30 m | 3 Generally satisfactory | 6 Jun 2026 |
| Chicken Valley HA8 7EJ | Takeaway/sandwich shop | 30 m | 5 Very good | 29 Aug 2026 |
| Lidl HA8 7DD | Retailers - supermarkets/hypermarkets | 30 m | 5 Very good | 6 May 2026 |
| Alcohol Delivery 24x7 / 24x7 Alcohol, Vape, cigarettes HA8 7DD | Distributors/Transporters | 40 m | 5 Very good | 19 Dec 2024 |
| Ghazniwal Group LTD | Distributors/Transporters | 60 m | 4 Good | 25 Feb 2025 |
| Casablanca London HA8 7DD | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 70 m | 3 Generally satisfactory | 4 Sep 2025 |
| Yarok HA8 6NL | Retailers - other | 110 m | 4 Good | 4 Nov 2024 |
| London BBQ HA8 7AB | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 110 m | 5 Very good | 9 Oct 2025 |
| Aviv Restaurant | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 110 m | 5 Very good | 25 Jul 2025 |
| B & K Salt Beef Bar HA8 6NL | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 110 m | 4 Good | 14 Jul 2026 |
| PAPA JOHN'S PIZZA HA8 6NL | Restaurant/Cafe/Canteen | 110 m | 5 Very good | 18 Mar 2025 |
Crime within 250 m
| Category | Crimes |
|---|---|
| Violence and sexual offences | 99 |
| Anti-social behaviour | 69 |
| Public order | 30 |
| Shoplifting | 21 |
| Criminal damage and arson | 20 |
| Other theft | 19 |
| Vehicle crime | 17 |
| Burglary | 14 |
| Robbery | 12 |
| Theft from the person | 10 |
| Drugs | 10 |
| Other crime | 5 |
| Possession of weapons | 3 |
| Bicycle theft | 2 |
Most of these are attached to: On or near Edgware Road High Street (93); On or near Mead Road (46); On or near Supermarket (45); On or near Garden City (37); On or near Forumside (36).
People and work
Who lives here
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Median age | 37 | 40 |
| Children under 15 | 19% | 17% |
| Aged 65 and over | 15% | 18% |
Homes
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Owned (outright or with a mortgage) | 39% | 61% |
| Owned outright | 24% | 33% |
| Shared ownership | 2% | 1% |
| Social rented | 9% | 17% |
| Private rented | 50% | 21% |
Work and commuting
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Adults (16 and over) in work | 59% | 57% |
| Unemployment (of those working or looking for work) | 7% | 6% |
| Retired (of adults) | 15% | 22% |
| Long-term sick or disabled (of adults) | 3% | 4% |
| Work mainly from home (of those in work) | 28% | 32% |
| Travel to work by car or van | 28% | 48% |
| By train, Underground, metro or tram | 19% | 4% |
| By any public transport, including bus | 31% | 8% |
| On foot or by bicycle | 10% | 10% |
| Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work) | 65% | 65% |
| Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away | 2% | 8% |
Education and languages
| Around this street | England | |
|---|---|---|
| Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults) | 41% | 34% |
| No qualifications | 23% | 18% |
| Apprenticeship as highest qualification | 4% | 5% |
| Main language English (aged 3 and over) | 64% | 91% |
| Cannot speak English well or at all | 7% | 2% |
Deprivation
The 3 neighbourhoods around this street are in deciles 2 to 7 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.
What has changed
- Energy certificates New energy certificate: band D, maisonette, mid-terrace (lodged 22 October 2026) found 2 November 2026
- Food hygiene ratings Mooboo (takeaway/sandwich shop, HA8 7HX) is no longer listed; it was rated 5 Very good found 31 October 2026
- Food hygiene ratings Mirpa Food Centre (retailers - supermarkets/hypermarkets, HA8 7AA) newly listed: 5 Very good (rated 1 October 2026) found 31 October 2026
Postcodes on this street
- HA8 7FT: 132 addresses
- HA8 7EJ: 119 addresses of 124 in the postcode
- HA8 7EL: 95 addresses of 100 in the postcode
- HA8 7HF: 86 addresses
- HA8 7EX: 34 addresses
- HA8 7EF: 32 addresses of 34 in the postcode
- HA8 7HE: 20 addresses of 22 in the postcode
- HA8 7EQ: 15 addresses of 19 in the postcode
- HA8 5AN: 12 addresses of 19 in the postcode
- HA8 7TT: 4 addresses
- HA8 7AB: 2 addresses of 88 in the postcode
- HA8 7JE: 1 address of 34 in the postcode
- HA8 7LW: 1 address (postcode no longer in use)
- HA8 7ST: 1 address of 37 in the postcode
Nearby streets
Edgware Road High Street · Forumside · High Street · Rodwell Place · Spring Villa Road · Handel Way · Church Way · Garratt Road · Edgware Road High Street · Mead Road · Overbrook Walk · Garden City
What this page cannot tell you
- Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
- What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
- How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
- Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
- Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
- How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
- Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
- How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.
How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.