Well Street Hackney

1 address across 1 postcode (E9), about 440 m (0.3 miles) long, classed as a a road. USRN 20950384.

  • Sales: 35 recorded sales since 1995; in 2026 the median was £560,000 across 1 sale.
  • Flood: 27 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
  • Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band B; Band D in Hackney costs £2,060 a year in 2026-27.
  • Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 81% of premises.
  • Transport: The nearest railway station is London Fields, about 620 m (0.4 miles) away in a straight line.
  • Green space: The nearest park or garden, Cassland Road Gardens, is about 190 m away.
  • Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 22.4 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 9.6 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
  • Height: It is about 10 m above sea level.
  • Noise: 1 of its 1 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
  • Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is Elsdale Street Surgery, about 110 m away, with 19 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
  • People: About 410 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 19% of households owned their home and 47% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
  • Crime: 561 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often shoplifting.

Sales on this street

Source: HM Land Registry Price Paid Data, sales registered up to 28 August 2026, loaded 28 October 2026. Sales reach the register two weeks to two months after completion, so the last two months are incomplete. Matched by postcode and street name.

Sales by year (standard sales only; repossessions and buy-to-let transfers excluded)
YearSalesMedian priceLowestHighest
20261£560,000£560,000£560,000
20251£615,000£615,000£615,000
20241£185,000£185,000£185,000
20221£425,000£425,000£425,000
20211£680,000£680,000£680,000
20181£560,000£560,000£560,000
20141£530,000£530,000£530,000
20132£317,500£260,000£375,000
20091£262,000£262,000£262,000
20081£300,000£300,000£300,000
20072£247,475£115,000£379,950
20063£175,000£160,000£175,000
Most recent sales (35)
DateAddressTypePriceNotes
16 Jul 2026219A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£560,000Leasehold.
24 Nov 2025217A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£615,000Leasehold.
12 Jul 2024197 E9 6QUOther£10,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
28 Jun 2024FLAT 1, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£185,000Leasehold.
29 Apr 2022FLAT 5, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£425,000Leasehold.
15 Jan 2021183B E9 6QUTerraced£680,000
29 Nov 2019195 E9 6QUOther£1,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
17 Sep 2018217A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£560,000Leasehold.
21 Aug 2018217A E9 6QUOther£4,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
16 Sep 2014185A E9 6QUTerraced£530,000
30 Apr 2013203A E9 6QUTerraced£375,000
29 Apr 2013FLAT 5, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£260,000Leasehold.
13 Dec 2009183B E9 6QUTerraced£262,000
15 May 2008219A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£300,000Leasehold.
18 Jun 2007199 E9 6QUTerraced£379,950
20 Feb 2007181B E9 6QUTerraced£115,000
17 Nov 2006FLAT, 207 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£160,000
10 Mar 2006217A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£175,000Leasehold.
10 Mar 2006219A E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£175,000Leasehold.
7 May 2004199 E9 6QUTerraced£239,950
10 Mar 2004FLAT, 207 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£171,000
26 Sep 2003203A E9 6QUTerraced£150,000
1 Aug 2003185A E9 6QUTerraced£178,000
13 May 2003FLAT, 207 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£154,000
10 Oct 2002185A E9 6QUTerraced£92,500
5 Apr 2002FLAT 2, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£140,000Leasehold.
1 Jun 2001FLAT 4, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£122,000Leasehold.
27 Apr 2001199 E9 6QUTerraced£164,000
15 Sep 2000FLAT 3, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£108,000Leasehold.
6 Mar 2000FLAT 4, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£69,750Leasehold.
23 Dec 1999183B E9 6QUTerraced£100,000
27 Aug 1999FLAT 2, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£42,500Leasehold.
28 May 1999199 E9 6QUTerraced£50,000New build.
24 Dec 1998205 E9 6QUTerraced£50,000
6 Dec 1996FLAT 4, 177 E9 6QUFlat or maisonette£88,000New build. Leasehold.

Energy performance certificates

Source: Energy Performance of Buildings Register (MHCLG), register as at 1 November 2026. Latest certificate per address; certificates last ten years, so the oldest here and some homes have none. Address data © Ordnance Survey and Royal Mail, shown for understanding the energy efficiency of buildings only.

No certificates found for addresses on this street.

Council tax

What each band costs in Hackney in 2026-27: Band D £2,060 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.

ABCDEFGH
£1,374£1,602£1,831£2,060£2,518£2,976£3,434£4,121

Homes by band in the neighbourhood around this street: most are in band B (59% of about 780 homes).

Sources: Valuation Office Agency, Council Tax: stock of properties, homes at 31 March 2026 (counts rounded to the nearest 10; some small counts withheld), for the neighbourhood (census area of about 700 homes) around it, not just this street; Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, council tax levels 2026-27. Bands are charged as fixed shares of Band D; the actual bill depends on the parish and on discounts such as the single-person discount. Check a home's own band with the official council tax band checker.

Planning and heritage

  • Conservation area: yes, Well Street Conservation Area (council page). Extensions, demolition, some windows and doors, and work on trees need consent.
  • Listed buildings on or by this street: 1.
  • Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): London borough of Hackney, Well Street, Well Street Conservation Area.
  • Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Green belt: no.

Listed buildings

Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)

Source: planning.data.gov.uk (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), compiled from councils and, for listed buildings, Historic England's National Heritage List. Conservation areas, Article 4 directions, tree preservation areas and the green belt are checked at each postcode's centre. Listed buildings and protected trees are counted on or by this street. Councils publish Article 4 directions, tree preservation orders and brownfield registers to different standards, and some not yet. Planning applications are not here: there is no national open record of them yet.

Roadworks

No street works under way, planned or finished in the last three months on this street, in permits up to 30 September 2026.

Source: Department for Transport, Street Manager open data, permits and works up to 30 September 2026. It is published once a month, so works arranged or started since then are not shown, and dates are the ones planned unless the works have started or finished. Emergency works are often permitted after they begin.

Flood risk

Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 20 addresses are in areas at high risk, 7 at medium risk and 4 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.

Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.

High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.

Flood zone for planning: no postcode centre is in flood zone 2 or 3.

Sources: Environment Agency Flood risk: postcode search tool data (loaded 29 October 2026), Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea: postcodes in areas at risk (loaded 29 October 2026) and Flood Map for Planning (loaded 28 October 2026). Flood zones are checked at each postcode's centre point. These are models of areas, which their publishers say are not suitable for showing whether an individual property is at risk, and they do not cover flooding from sewers or drains. Check an address on the official long-term flood risk service.

© Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2026. All rights reserved. Some features are based on digital spatial data from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, © NERC (CEH); the postcode data is produced in part from PAF® and Multiple Residence Data, © Royal Mail Group Limited.

Height above sea level

The street's address is about 10 m above sea level.

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Terrain 50, July 2026: the height of the ground on a 50 m grid, read at each address, in metres above Ordnance Datum (mean sea level at Newlyn). It is the lie of the land, not floor or threshold levels, and is accurate to a few metres. Being low-lying is not in itself a flood risk; the flood section above says what the flood maps show.

Broadband

Source: Ofcom Connected Nations, data as at January 2026. Percentages are of premises in each postcode that can get the service, not take-up or speed achieved.

Availability by postcode (% of premises)
PostcodeSuperfast (30 Mbit/s+)Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+)GigabitBelow 10 Mbit/s
E9 6QU100%81%81%0%

Getting around

Sources: Department for Transport, NaPTAN (every public transport stop), as at 31 October 2026; Office of Rail and Road, Estimates of station usage 2024–25 (which stations are on the National Rail network, and their journeys: entries and exits in the year to March); OurAirports (public domain, kept by volunteers); car parks and charging points from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings from Meta, Microsoft, Foursquare and others: not an official register, so some will be missing, private or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street, not routes, and say nothing about how often anything runs. Stations opened since the end of ORR's year appear when ORR publishes the next one, each December; heritage railways are left out.

NearestDistance
Railway stationsLondon Fields 1.9 million journeys in 2024–25620 m (0.4 miles)
Homerton 4.7 million journeys in 2024–25710 m (0.4 miles)
Hackney Central 5.3 million journeys in 2024–25750 m (0.5 miles)
Underground, metro or tramBethnal Green Underground Station1.7 km (1.1 miles)
Bus stops10 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 53 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Holcroft Road South Hackney90 m
Bus or coach stationPark View Road (N17) Tottenham Hale5.4 km (3.3 miles)
Ferry terminalCanary Wharf Pier4.3 km (2.7 miles)
Car parksOaklands School Sixth Form Car Park1.5 km (0.9 miles)
EV charging points63 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Shell Recharge220 m
Airport with scheduled flightsLondon City Airport LCY8.3 km (5.2 miles)
Nearest large airportLondon Heathrow Airport LHR29.6 km (18 miles)

Local services

Sources: NHS Organisation Data Service, as at 31 October 2026: GP practices, community pharmacies and dental practices with an NHS contract, open now, each placed at the centre of its postcode; hospitals are NHS trust and Welsh health board sites named as hospitals, and may not have an emergency department. Police stations and cash machines from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings: not an official register, so some will be missing or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street. Nothing here says whether a practice is taking new patients or a dentist new NHS patients.

NearestDistance
GP surgeries19 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Elsdale Street Surgery110 m
Pharmacies23 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Clockwork Pharmacy280 m
NHS dentists19 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Dental Surgery10 m
HospitalHomerton University Hospital1 km (0.6 miles)
Police stationTower Hamlets Police1.6 km (1 mile)
Cash machines3 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Tesco Bank ATM190 m

Parks and green space

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Open Greenspace, April 2026: public parks and gardens, play spaces, playing fields and allotments, with their entrances. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to a site's nearest entrance (or its edge where none is recorded), not walking routes; sizes are the area OS maps for each site. Some sites, such as school playing fields, may not be open to the public.

NearestDistance
Park or garden9 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Cassland Road Gardens 1,460 m²190 m
Largest park within 800 m (0.5 miles)Victoria Park 87 ha650 m (0.4 miles)
Play area17 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 280 m²80 m
Playing fieldMabley Green 12 ha1.2 km (0.7 miles)
AllotmentsUnnamed 2,160 m²1.3 km (0.8 miles)

Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 9 parks and gardens, 112 hectares in all.

Landmarks

The nearest historic landmark is Church of St John of Jerusalem, a listed building (Grade II*), 270 m south-east. 90 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles), 1 of them Grade I and 7 of them Grade II*.

Historic places
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Church of St John of JerusalemListed building, Grade II*270 m south-east
The New Lansdowne ClubListed building, Grade II*500 m (0.3 miles) west
Former French Protestant Hospital (later Cardinal Pole School)Listed building, Grade II*560 m (0.3 miles) south-east
The Hackney EmpireListed building, Grade II*610 m (0.4 miles) north-west
Victoria ParkRegistered park or garden, Grade II*890 m (0.6 miles) south-east
Bonner Hall Bridge, Regent's CanalScheduled monument930 m (0.6 miles) south
Three Colt Bridge, Gunmaker's LaneScheduled monument1.2 km (0.8 miles) south-east
Parnell Road BridgeScheduled monument1.4 km (0.9 miles) east
Bethnal Green GardensRegistered park or garden, Grade II1.6 km (1 mile) south
Tower of LondonWorld Heritage Site4.2 km (2.6 miles) south-west
Natural landmarks within 5 km (3.1 miles)
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Hackney CutLake or reservoir1.5 km (1 mile) north-east
Clapton PondLake or reservoir1.6 km (1 mile) north
Wick FieldWood1.8 km (1.1 miles) north-east
Main MarshWetland2 km (1.3 miles) north-east
Limehouse CutTidal water3.4 km (2.1 miles) south-east
Stave HillHill4.6 km (2.9 miles) south

Sources: Historic England's registers through planning.data.gov.uk (MHCLG), and Cadw through DataMapWales (Welsh Government): World Heritage Sites within 10 km (6.2 miles), battlefields within 5 km (3.1 miles), registered parks and gardens within 3 km (1.9 miles), scheduled monuments within 2 km (1.2 miles), and Grade I and II* listed buildings within 1 km (0.6 miles). Ordnance Survey, OS Open Names, October 2026: named hills, valleys, lakes, woods, wetlands and coast (it has no rivers). Distances are in a straight line to the middle of each site, and being on a register does not mean there is public access.

Air quality

Source: Defra, modelled background air pollution, annual means for 2024, for the 1 km square that holds the middle of the street. These are background levels, away from the kerb: beside a busy road nitrogen dioxide in particular can be several times higher. UK limits are the legal annual limits for England and Wales; the World Health Organization's 2021 guidelines are much stricter, and most towns and cities are above them.

Annual means in µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic metre of air)
PollutantHereUK limitWHO guideline
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)22.44010
Fine particles (PM2.5)9.6205
Particles (PM10)16.04015

All three are within the UK legal limits; all three are above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.

Road, rail and aircraft noise

Source: Defra, strategic noise mapping Round 4 (England), modelled for 2021 and published in December 2023, and its airport maps of the same round for the fifteen largest English airports, published in April 2026: Lden, the average sound level over a whole day with extra weight for the evening and night, on a 10 m grid, read at each address. These are models of traffic, not measurements; they leave out smaller airports and airfields, industry and neighbours, and a room at the back of a house is often much quieter than the front. The World Health Organization's guidelines are 53 dB for road traffic, 54 dB for railways and 45 dB for aircraft (below the lowest level shown here).

Addresses by modelled noise level (Lden, dB)
LevelRoad trafficRailwaysAircraft
75 dB or more100
Under 55011

1 of the street's 1 addresses is modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, above the WHO guidelines.

Climate, daylight and earthquakes

Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Hackney: see them on the Hackney page.

Nearest schools

Source: Get Information About Schools (Department for Education), 1 November 2026; Ofsted monthly management information as at September 2026. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to the school; catchments and admissions are not shown. Since November 2025 Ofsted gives report-card grades by area, not one overall grade; older grades stand until a school is re-inspected.

SchoolPhaseAgesDistanceInspection
Orchard Primary SchoolPrimary3–11140 m Report card (Nov 2025): Curriculum and teaching: Strong standard; Achievement: Strong standard; Attendance and behaviour: Strong standard; Personal development and wellbeing: Strong standard; Inclusion: Strong standard; Leadership and governance: Strong standard; Early years: Strong standard; Safeguarding standards: Met
St John of Jerusalem Church of England Primary SchoolPrimary3–11240 m Good (Nov 2022, overall grade under the previous framework)
The Urswick School - A Church of England Secondary SchoolSecondary11–19440 m (0.3 miles) Good (Dec 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
Morningside Primary SchoolPrimary2–11500 m (0.3 miles) No published inspection
Berger Primary SchoolPrimary2–11520 m (0.3 miles) No published inspection
Wentworth Nursery School and Children's CentreNursery2–5530 m (0.3 miles) No published inspection
Mossbourne Victoria Park AcademySecondary11–18550 m (0.3 miles) Outstanding (Jan 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
Cardinal Pole Catholic School Roman CatholicSecondary11–19560 m (0.3 miles) No published inspection
Lauriston SchoolPrimary3–11640 m (0.4 miles) Good (Jul 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
St John and St James CofE Primary School Church of EnglandPrimary3–11670 m (0.4 miles) Outstanding (May 2024, overall grade under the previous framework)
The City Academy, HackneySecondary11–19740 m (0.5 miles) Good (Mar 2023, overall grade under the previous framework)
The Olive School, Hackney MuslimPrimary4–11910 m (0.6 miles) No overall grade (May 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Outstanding; Behaviour and attitudes: Outstanding; Personal development: Outstanding; Leadership and management: Outstanding

Food hygiene ratings nearby

Source: Food Standards Agency, Food Hygiene Rating Scheme, extract of 1 November 2026. Each rating is shown with the date it was given; a business may have been re-inspected since the extract. Within 500 m (0.3 miles) of the middle of the street.

BusinessTypeDistanceRatingRated
Tops Pizza – Hackney E9 7JATakeaway/sandwich shop130 m5 Very good27 Nov 2025
Tesco E9 6QURetailers - other130 m5 Very good11 Nov 2022
Well St. Butchers E9 7JARetailers - other140 m4 Good3 Aug 2019
Nourish Contract Catering at Orchard Primary School E9 7BBRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen150 m5 Very good8 Jun 2026
Ahmad Groceries E9 6QURetailers - other150 m3 Generally satisfactory22 Mar 2025
SAYHANS GROCERY E9 6QURetailers - other150 m3 Generally satisfactory25 Oct 2025
Mega Food and Wine E9 7JARetailers - other150 m5 Very good11 Feb 2026
Market Fish Bar E9 6QUTakeaway/sandwich shop170 m5 Very good28 Nov 2024
Well Street Fried Chicken Limited E9 6QUTakeaway/sandwich shop170 m2 Improvement necessary26 Feb 2025
Well Street Kitchen E9 6QURestaurant/Cafe/Canteen190 m5 Very good5 Sep 2024
Wells Butchers E9 6QURetailers - other200 m5 Very good16 Jul 2026
blah E9 7JFManufacturers/packers220 m5 Very good14 Oct 2026
Moon Speciality Coffee E9 6QTRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen240 m5 Very good15 Apr 2025
St John Of Jerusalem CE Primary School E9 7JFSchool/college/university240 m4 Good7 Jan 2026
Paulie's E9 6QTRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen240 m5 Very good18 Jan 2024

Crime within 250 m

Source: data.police.uk street-level crime, September 2025 to August 2026. Police forces move every crime to the nearest of about 760,000 anonymised map points before publishing, so these are crimes near this street, not on it, and a busy point can collect crimes from a wider area. Counts are of records, not convictions.

561 recorded crimes by category
CategoryCrimes
Shoplifting197
Violence and sexual offences103
Anti-social behaviour66
Other theft39
Theft from the person33
Vehicle crime28
Robbery26
Criminal damage and arson20
Burglary15
Public order14
Drugs10
Bicycle theft5
Other crime4
Possession of weapons1

Most of these are attached to: On or near Terrace Road (240); On or near Frampton Park Road (49); On or near Loddiges Road (48); On or near Holcroft Road (41); On or near Well Street (26).

People and work

Source: ONS Census 2021, taken on 21 March 2021, for the Output Area (a small census area of about 125 households) that this street's postcodes are in: 407 residents in 168 households. The census was taken during a lockdown, so working from home is high and travel to work low compared with now. ONS swaps a few records between neighbouring areas and adds small amounts of noise to counts to protect privacy, so small differences mean little. Industry is not published for areas this small.

Who lives here

Around this streetEngland
Median age3140
Children under 1526%17%
Aged 65 and over5%18%

Homes

Around this streetEngland
Owned (outright or with a mortgage)19%61%
Owned outright5%33%
Shared ownership14%1%
Social rented51%17%
Private rented17%21%

Work and commuting

Around this streetEngland
Adults (16 and over) in work62%57%
Unemployment (of those working or looking for work)9%6%
Retired (of adults)5%22%
Long-term sick or disabled (of adults)5%4%
Work mainly from home (of those in work)36%32%
Travel to work by car or van13%48%
By train, Underground, metro or tram15%4%
By any public transport, including bus28%8%
On foot or by bicycle18%10%
Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work)83%65%
Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away5%8%

Education and languages

Around this streetEngland
Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults)47%34%
No qualifications19%18%
Apprenticeship as highest qualification1%5%
Main language English (aged 3 and over)82%91%
Cannot speak English well or at all6%2%

Deprivation

The neighbourhood around this street is in decile 2 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.

Source: English Indices of Deprivation 2025 (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), by LSOA (about 1,500 people), through the ONS Postcode Directory. The index combines income, employment, health, education, crime, housing and living environment; it ranks areas against each other and does not describe any one household. Ranks in England and Wales are worked out separately and cannot be compared.

What has changed

Nothing new since the change feed started on 30 October 2026. New sales and energy certificates, and hygiene ratings, school inspections and flood figures nearby, will be listed here as the sources update.

Everything that has changed on and near this street

Postcodes on this street

Source: ONS Postcode Directory August 2026, ONS UPRN Directory September 2026, OS Open Linked Identifiers September 2026. A postcode can cover more than one street; the share shows how many of its addresses are on this one.

  • E9 6QU: 1 address of 64 in the postcode

Nearby streets

Mare Street · Petiver Close · Cambridge Passage · Victoria Park Road · Elsdale Street · Darnley Road · Pickering Close · Middlesex Place · Milborne Street · Terrace Road · Woolridge Way · Loddiges Road

All the streets in E9 and across Hackney.

What this page cannot tell you

  • Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
  • What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
  • How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported.
  • Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
  • Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
  • How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
  • Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
  • How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.

How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.