St Dionis Road Fulham

112 addresses across 6 postcodes (SW6), about 280 m long, classed as a local road. USRN 21000752.

  • Sales: 128 recorded sales since 1995; in 2024 the median was £2,634,000 across 2 sales.
  • Prices and rents: A typical home in Hammersmith and Fulham cost £754,825 in August 2026 (-5.1% on a year); private rents averaged £2,861 a month.
  • Energy: 55 homes have an energy certificate (B: 2, C: 19, D: 22, E: 9, F: 1, G: 2).
  • Flood: 72 addresses on its postcodes are in areas at high or medium risk of flooding from rivers, the sea or surface water.
  • Recorded floods: No recorded flood covers the centre of any of its postcodes.
  • Storm overflows: 1 storm overflow within 1 km (0.6 miles) spilled 2 times (16 hours) in 2025.
  • Traffic: The busiest counted road within 500 m (0.3 miles), the A219, carries 23,720 motor vehicles a day on average (2025).
  • Council tax: Most homes around it are in council tax band D; Band D in Hammersmith and Fulham costs £1,520 a year in 2026-27.
  • Broadband: Gigabit broadband is available to 40% to 100% of premises.
  • Transport: The nearest railway station is Imperial Wharf, about 1.3 km (0.8 miles) away in a straight line.
  • Green space: There is a small park or garden about 90 m away, and South Park (7.9 hectares) is about 550 m (0.3 miles) away.
  • Air: Background air pollution in 2024 was 18.9 µg/m³ of nitrogen dioxide and 9.0 of PM2.5, within UK legal limits.
  • Height: Its addresses are 4 to 6 m above sea level.
  • Noise: 19 of its 112 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic.
  • Doctors: The nearest GP surgery is The Lilyville Surgery, about 190 m away, with 12 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile).
  • People: About 830 people lived in the census areas around it in 2021; 53% of households owned their home and 68% of adults held a degree or other higher qualification.
  • Crime: 366 crimes were recorded within 250 m between September 2025 and August 2026, most often violence and sexual offences.
  • Road safety: 30 collisions in which someone was hurt were reported on and around it in 2021 to 2025, 6 of them fatal or serious; 5 involved a pedestrian.

£9.99 The Street Dossier Full Report for a home on St Dionis Road: its own records, questions to ask the seller and everything on this page, in one PDF. Choose the home

House sales on this street

Source: HM Land Registry Price Paid Data, sales registered up to 28 August 2026, loaded 28 October 2026. Sales reach the register two weeks to two months after completion, so the last two months are incomplete. Matched by postcode and street name.

Sales by year (standard sales only; repossessions and buy-to-let transfers excluded)
YearSalesMedian priceLowestHighest
20242£2,634,000£1,750,000£3,518,000
20232£1,662,500£1,420,000£1,905,000
20221£1,875,000£1,875,000£1,875,000
20214£2,000,000£1,815,000£2,250,000
20205£1,300,000£685,000£1,975,000
20191£2,625,600£2,625,600£2,625,600
20186£1,407,500£750,000£1,950,000
20173£1,450,000£1,000,000£2,000,000
20163£2,040,000£2,035,000£2,150,000
20153£1,100,000£1,000,000£1,700,000
20144£1,987,500£1,400,000£2,100,000
20137£1,475,000£455,000£1,795,000
All 128 sales, by house number
DateAddressTypePriceNotes
18 Dec 20021 SW6 4UQTerraced£665,000
19 Jul 20052 SW6 4TTTerraced£840,000
8 Jun 20163 SW6 4UQTerraced£2,150,000
15 Aug 20143 SW6 4UQTerraced£2,000,000
12 Mar 20204 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,125,000
11 Jul 20184 SW6 4TTTerraced£750,000
3 Jan 20074 SW6 4TTTerraced£712,500
17 Sep 20217 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,815,000
17 Oct 19957 SW6 4UQTerraced£245,000
5 Dec 20088 SW6 4TTTerraced£832,500
29 Sep 20068 SW6 4TTTerraced£734,000
26 Apr 20139 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,545,000
11 Nov 20059 SW6 4UQTerraced£798,376
25 Sep 20029 SW6 4UQTerraced£740,000
4 Feb 20009 SW6 4UQTerraced£562,000
1 May 19959 SW6 4UQTerraced£232,500
7 Oct 199910 SW6 4TTTerraced£438,000
13 Jan 202312 SW6 4TTOther£2,265,820Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
8 Jun 200912 SW6 4TTTerraced£355,000
5 Apr 199513 SW6 4UQTerraced£206,000
7 Mar 2018FIRST FLOOR FLAT, 15 SW6 4UQFlat or maisonette£1,000,000Leasehold.
3 Jul 2015GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 15 SW6 4UQFlat or maisonette£1,000,000Leasehold.
24 Mar 2005GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 15 SW6 4UQFlat or maisonette£352,500Leasehold.
26 Sep 201416 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,400,000
27 Jan 200617 SW6 4UQTerraced£765,000
27 Jun 200318 SW6 4TTTerraced£420,000
11 May 200619 SW6 4UQTerraced£840,000
20 Sep 199919 SW6 4UQSemi-detached£522,500
7 Feb 202420 SW6 4TTTerraced£3,518,000
14 Dec 201820 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,350,000
10 Jun 201122 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,440,000
19 Aug 200522 SW6 4TTTerraced£650,000
5 Dec 199723 SW6 4UQTerraced£465,000
23 May 199723 SW6 4UQTerraced£420,000
1 Feb 199624 SW6 4TTTerraced£227,000
9 Feb 202425 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,750,000
29 May 200925 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,075,000
31 May 200225 SW6 4UQTerraced£720,000
19 Jul 201826 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,950,000
25 Sep 201326 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,795,000
14 Sep 201126 SW6 4TTTerraced£980,000
10 Apr 201528 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,100,000
16 Dec 201629 SW6 4UQTerraced£2,040,000
30 Jun 201029 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,230,000
28 Jan 200029 SW6 4UQSemi-detached£560,000
29 Sep 199529 SW6 4UQSemi-detached£275,000
7 Feb 202330 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,420,000
11 Sep 202031 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,975,000
9 Sep 202232 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,875,000
4 Oct 201132 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,365,000
18 May 200732 SW6 4TTTerraced£836,200
18 May 200132 SW6 4TTTerraced£475,000
16 Nov 202333 SW6 4UQTerraced£1,905,000
9 Feb 199633 SW6 4UQTerraced£250,000
10 Jan 200334 SW6 4TTTerraced£590,000
30 Jun 200034 SW6 4TTTerraced£495,000
9 Oct 199834 SW6 4TTTerraced£285,000
30 Oct 201938 SW6 4TTTerraced£2,625,600
31 Jul 201338 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,475,000
17 Jan 201439 SW6 4UBTerraced£1,975,000
27 May 201139 SW6 4UBTerraced£1,446,333
21 Dec 200539 SW6 4UBTerraced£765,000
3 Sep 199639 SW6 4UBTerraced£329,000
10 Apr 199639 SW6 4UBTerraced£220,000
24 Apr 202040 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,725,000
14 Jan 200040 SW6 4TTTerraced£445,000
28 Oct 202541 SW6 4UBTerraced£1,600,000Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
25 Jun 202142 SW6 4TTTerraced£2,250,000
7 May 199642 SW6 4TTTerraced£242,000
7 Oct 201343 SW6 4UBTerraced£1,671,000
18 Jan 201345 SW6 4UBTerraced£1,385,000
29 May 200945 SW6 4UBTerraced£895,000
8 Mar 199645 SW6 4UBTerraced£240,000
30 Apr 201046 SW6 4TTTerraced£980,000
11 May 202147 SW6 4UBTerraced£2,100,000
19 Aug 201147 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£405,000Leasehold.
18 Dec 200647 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£350,000Leasehold.
11 Apr 199647 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£105,000Leasehold.
6 Sep 201348 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,321,000
25 Oct 199649 SW6 4UBTerraced£244,100
19 Dec 201650 SW6 4TTTerraced£2,035,000
3 Feb 201250 SW6 4TTTerraced£1,125,000
23 Feb 2017GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 51 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£1,450,000Leasehold.
31 May 2012GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 51 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£582,582Leasehold.
17 Sep 1999GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 51 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£196,100Leasehold.
7 Nov 1995GROUND FLOOR FLAT, 51 SW6 4UBFlat or maisonette£95,000Leasehold.
22 Jun 202152 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,900,000
28 Aug 201452 SW6 4TUTerraced£2,100,000
31 Aug 201252 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,050,000
3 Oct 201754 SW6 4TUTerraced£2,000,000
25 May 201254 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,400,000
6 Jul 201054 SW6 4TUTerraced£985,000
1 Jun 201856 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£1,755,000
30 Apr 200956 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£460,000
17 Dec 200460 SW6 4TUTerraced£645,000
6 Dec 199960 SW6 4TUTerraced£405,000
30 Jun 199760 SW6 4TUTerraced£285,000
14 Aug 201562 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,700,000
27 May 201162 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,220,000
9 Oct 199862 SW6 4TUTerraced£360,000
17 Apr 200164 SW6 4TUTerraced£441,000
21 Nov 199764 SW6 4TUTerraced£285,000
25 Jul 200366 SW6 4TUTerraced£587,000
7 Jul 200066 SW6 4TUTerraced£517,500
8 Jul 199766 SW6 4TUTerraced£310,000
27 Apr 199568 SW6 4TUTerraced£200,490
24 Jan 200970 SW6 4TUTerraced£400,000
19 Dec 2025UNIT 4, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUOther£780,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
22 Oct 2002UNIT 4, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£300,000Leasehold.
6 Nov 2025UNIT 5, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUOther£443,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
6 Jul 2020UNIT 6, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUOther£135,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
26 Aug 2022UNIT 8, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUOther£950,000Leasehold. Not a standard sale (repossession, buy-to-let or transfer).
15 May 1998UNIT 8, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£140,000Leasehold.
25 Mar 1998UNIT 10, PLATO PLACE, 72 - 74 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£220,000Leasehold.
3 Jun 199676 SW6 4TUTerraced£280,000
18 Apr 2013FIRST FLOOR FLAT, 82 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£455,000Leasehold.
24 Sep 2007FIRST FLOOR FLAT, 82 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£195,500Leasehold.
1 Oct 2020SECOND FLOOR FLAT, 82 SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£685,000Leasehold.
5 Jan 201782A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£1,000,000Leasehold.
19 Dec 200682A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£531,750Leasehold.
3 Feb 200682A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£430,000Leasehold.
12 Oct 200182A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£380,000Leasehold.
8 Jul 199882A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£270,000Leasehold.
31 Jul 199682A SW6 4TUFlat or maisonette£185,500Leasehold.
15 Oct 202086 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,300,000
19 Aug 199688 SW6 4TUTerraced£305,000
20 Dec 201890 SW6 4TUTerraced£1,465,000
27 Feb 199892 SW6 4TUTerraced£346,000

House prices and rents in Hammersmith and Fulham

A typical home in Hammersmith and Fulham cost £754,825 in August 2026, 5.1% less than a year before. That is 13% less than five years earlier and 3% less than ten years earlier.

HomeTypical price, Aug 2026
Detached£1,763,936
Semi-detached£1,544,924
Terraced£1,172,812
Flat or maisonette£579,711
Bought by a first-time buyer£643,534

Private renters in Hammersmith and Fulham paid £2,861 a month on average in September 2026, 4.9% more than a year before. That is 37% more than five years earlier.

HomeAverage rent a month, Sep 2026
One bedroom£2,025
Two bedrooms£2,656
Three bedrooms£3,031
Four or more bedrooms£4,234

Sources: UK House Price Index (HM Land Registry, with the ONS and the Welsh Government), to August 2026; ONS Price Index of Private Rents, to September 2026. Figures for the whole council area, not this street. The typical price is adjusted for the mix of homes that sold, so it is not the value of any one home; the street's own sales are above. Rents are the average paid on all private tenancies, new and existing, so they move more slowly than rents being advertised.

Energy performance certificates

Source: Energy Performance of Buildings Register (MHCLG), register as at 1 November 2026. Latest certificate per address; certificates last ten years, so the oldest here dates from March 2009 and some homes have none. Address data © Ordnance Survey and Royal Mail, shown for understanding the energy efficiency of buildings only.

55 homes with a current certificate; median floor area 136 m². Most common: House, mid-terrace (41); Flat (10); House, end-terrace (4). Built: before 1900 (29); 1900-1929 (19); 1930-1949 (1). Tenure at assessment: owner-occupied (29); rented (private) (9); rented (social) (4).

Each home's certificates and sales (55 addresses)

Gas and electricity use

Homes with gas used 12,630 kWh of it on average in 2024, 8% more than the district's 11,733 kWh, and 3,860 kWh of electricity, 13% more than the district's 3,422 kWh. There are gas meters for about 92% of the homes.

PostcodeElectricity metersTypical electricityGas metersTypical gas
SW6 4TU223,837 kWh 2312,563 kWh
SW6 4TT242,943 kWh 2511,408 kWh
SW6 4UQ183,314 kWh 1916,644 kWh
SW6 4UB102,582 kWh 1017,376 kWh
SW6 4ER46 6 Economy 72,097 kWh 336,787 kWh

These are all the homes on each postcode, whatever their size and however many live in them, so they show the kind of homes and heating here rather than what any one home uses. The typical figure is the median: half the homes used less. The district is SW6.

Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, postcode level domestic gas and electricity statistics for 2024 (gas from mid-May to mid-May), Open Government Licence: domestic meters on each postcode, from the gas and electricity industry's meter readings. A postcode with fewer than 5 meters of a fuel has no figures for it.

Council tax

What each band costs in Hammersmith and Fulham in 2026-27: Band D £1,520 a year on average, including the police, fire and any county and parish charges.

ABCDEFGH
£1,013£1,182£1,351£1,520£1,857£2,195£2,533£3,039

Homes by band in the neighbourhoods around this street: most are in band D (30% of about 1,720 homes).

Sources: Valuation Office Agency, Council Tax: stock of properties, homes at 31 March 2026 (counts rounded to the nearest 10; some small counts withheld), for the 2 neighbourhoods (census areas of about 700 homes each) around it, not just this street; Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, council tax levels 2026-27. Bands are charged as fixed shares of Band D; the actual bill depends on the parish and on discounts such as the single-person discount. Check a home's own band with the official council tax band checker.

Planning and heritage

  • Conservation area: no postcode centre in this street's postcodes is in one.
  • Listed buildings on or by this street: 3.
  • Article 4 direction (removing permitted development rights): none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Tree preservation orders: none recorded, though not every council has published theirs.
  • Green belt: no.

Listed buildings

Brownfield land registered for housing within 1 km (0.6 miles)

Source: planning.data.gov.uk (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), compiled from councils and, for listed buildings, Historic England's National Heritage List. Conservation areas, Article 4 directions, tree preservation areas and the green belt are checked at each postcode's centre. Listed buildings and protected trees are counted on or by this street. Councils publish Article 4 directions, tree preservation orders and brownfield registers to different standards, and some not yet. Planning applications are not here: there is no national open record of them yet.

Energy projects nearby

No wind turbine or waste plant within 5 km (3.1 miles), and no solar farm, battery site or other project of 1 MW or more within 2 km (1.2 miles), of the street's postcodes, operating or planned.

Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, Renewable Energy Planning Database, Q2 2026 extract, Open Government Licence: renewable electricity and storage projects over 150 kW, operating, being built, permitted or applied for. Shown: wind turbines and plants that burn or digest waste within 5 km (3.1 miles), other projects of 1 MW or more within 2 km (1.2 miles); refused, withdrawn and abandoned projects are left out. Distances are from the nearest postcode centre to each project's grid reference.

Roadworks

Finished in the last three months

  • 20 October 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 20 October 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 20 October 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 20 October 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 19 October 2026 to 21 October 2026: THAMES WATER, Utility repair and maintenance works, no carriageway incursion, on the footway (minor works)
  • 2 October 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the carriageway (immediate - emergency works)
  • 30 September 2026 to 2 October 2026: UK POWER NETWORKS EASTERN & LONDON, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the carriageway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 30 September 2026 to 5 October 2026: UK POWER NETWORKS EASTERN & LONDON, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 28 September 2026 to 30 September 2026: THAMES WATER, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 28 September 2026: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM, Highway repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the carriageway (immediate - urgent works)
  • 18 August 2026: THAMES WATER, Utility repair and maintenance works, some carriageway incursion, on the footway (minor works)

Source: Department for Transport, Street Manager open data, permits and works up to 31 October 2026. It is published once a month, so works arranged or started since then are not shown, and dates are the ones planned unless the works have started or finished. Emergency works are often permitted after they begin.

Flood risk

Rivers, the sea or surface water: in this street's postcodes, 14 addresses are in areas at high risk, 58 at medium risk and 34 at low risk. Each address counts once, at the higher of its rivers-and-sea and surface-water risk.

Rivers and the sea alone: no home is in an area at risk.

High: 3.3% (1 in 30) or more chance of flooding a year. Medium: 1% to 3.3%. Low: 0.1% to 1%. Very low: under 0.1%. The rivers and sea figures allow for flood defences. Counts cover whole postcodes, which can include other streets.

Flood zone for planning: at least one postcode centre is in flood zone 3. Zone 3 is a 1% (1 in 100) or greater annual chance of flooding from rivers, or 0.5% from the sea, ignoring defences.

PostcodePlanning zoneAddresses at high / medium / low riskGroundwater
SW6 4TUzone 3 6 / 6 / 13 unlikely
SW6 4TTzone 3 6 / 15 / 4 unlikely
SW6 4UQzone 3 2 / 7 / 9 unlikely
SW6 4UBzone 3 0 / 9 / 0 unlikely
SW6 4ERzone 3 0 / 0 / 4 unlikely
SW6 4TJzone 3 0 / 21 / 4 unlikely

Recorded floods

No recorded flood covers the centre of any of this street's postcodes.

Recorded floods are where floodwater was seen or surveyed after a flood. Many floods were never mapped, an outline over a postcode's centre does not mean every home in it flooded, and homes outside one may have. Ask the seller whether the home itself has flooded.

Sources: Environment Agency Recorded Flood Outlines; Environment Agency Flood risk: postcode search tool data (loaded 29 October 2026), Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea: postcodes in areas at risk (loaded 29 October 2026) and Flood Map for Planning (loaded 28 October 2026). Flood zones are checked at each postcode's centre point. These are models of areas, which their publishers say are not suitable for showing whether an individual property is at risk, and they do not cover flooding from sewers or drains. Check an address on the official long-term flood risk service.

© Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2026. All rights reserved. Some features are based on digital spatial data from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, © NERC (CEH); the postcode data is produced in part from PAF® and Multiple Residence Data, © Royal Mail Group Limited.

Coastal erosion

No projected coastal erosion zone is within 1 km (0.6 miles) of the street's postcodes.

Sources: Environment Agency, National Coastal Erosion Risk Mapping 2024 (England), and Natural Resources Wales, National Coastal Erosion Risk Management (Wales), Open Government Licence. Distances are from the nearest postcode centre to the edge of each zone; where a postcode centre is inside a zone, some homes on it may not be.

Storm overflows

1 storm overflow within 1 km (0.6 miles) of the street's postcodes spilled 2 times, for 16 hours in all, in 2025. They discharge into R.thames ( Tidal ).

OverflowIntoSpillsHoursDistance
Putney Bridge Cso Thames Water R.thames ( Tidal ) 2 16 1 km (0.6 miles)

A storm overflow lets sewage diluted with rainwater into a river, stream or the sea when heavy rain overwhelms the sewers, so the spills here affect the water they run into, not homes. A spill is counted the regulators' way: a first 12 hours, then each 24 hours it goes on.

Source: Environment Agency, Event Duration Monitoring storm overflow annual return for 2025, from the water companies' monitors on each overflow in England, Open Government Licence. Distances are from the nearest postcode centre to each overflow's outlet. A year's figures are published the following spring; a monitor that worked for less of the year undercounts.

Coal mining

No postcode centre on the street is in a coalfield: the Mining Remediation Authority records no coal mining risk here.

Source: Mining Remediation Authority (formerly the Coal Authority), development high and low risk areas, Open Government Licence. Checked at each postcode's centre, so a home near the edge of an area may differ. It covers coal mining only, not other mining (such as tin, lead, iron or chalk), and is no substitute for a coal mining search. About the risk areas.

Radon

Every 1 km square the street's postcodes are in is in the lowest band of radon potential: fewer than 1 home in 100 is estimated to be at or above the Action Level. It is not a radon Affected Area.

Source: British Geological Survey and UK Health Security Agency, Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain, Open Government Licence. Contains British Geological Survey materials © UKRI 2026. Each 1 km square is classed by the highest radon potential found anywhere in it, so a square's figure can overstate it for much of the square; the detailed map is not open data.

Historic landfill

No historic landfill site is within 500 m (0.3 miles) of the street's postcodes.

Sources: Environment Agency and Natural Resources Wales, historic landfill sites (places where waste was put into or onto the land and no environmental permit is now in force), Open Government Licence. Distances are from the nearest postcode centre to the edge of each site as mapped; the outlines and dates come from old records and can be approximate. Landfill still operating is not included.

Height above sea level

The street's 112 addresses are between 4 m and 6 m above sea level (5 m on average).

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Terrain 50, July 2026: the height of the ground on a 50 m grid, read at each address, in metres above Ordnance Datum (mean sea level at Newlyn). It is the lie of the land, not floor or threshold levels, and is accurate to a few metres. Being low-lying is not in itself a flood risk; the flood section above says what the flood maps show.

Broadband

Source: Ofcom Connected Nations, data as at January 2026. Percentages are of premises in each postcode that can get the service, not take-up or speed achieved.

Availability by postcode (% of premises)
PostcodeSuperfast (30 Mbit/s+)Ultrafast (300 Mbit/s+)GigabitBelow 10 Mbit/s
SW6 4ER100%100%100%0%
SW6 4TJ48%40%40%0%
SW6 4TT100%100%100%0%
SW6 4TU100%100%100%0%
SW6 4UB100%100%100%0%
SW6 4UQ100%100%100%0%

Getting around

Sources: Department for Transport, NaPTAN (every public transport stop), as at 31 October 2026; Office of Rail and Road, Estimates of station usage 2024–25 (which stations are on the National Rail network, and their journeys: entries and exits in the year to March); OurAirports (public domain, kept by volunteers); car parks and charging points from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings from Meta, Microsoft, Foursquare and others: not an official register, so some will be missing, private or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street, not routes, and say nothing about how often anything runs. Stations opened since the end of ORR's year appear when ORR publishes the next one, each December; heritage railways are left out.

NearestDistance
Railway stationsImperial Wharf 2.9 million journeys in 2024–251.3 km (0.8 miles)
West Brompton 4.5 million journeys in 2024–251.6 km (1 mile)
Wandsworth Town 3.8 million journeys in 2024–251.7 km (1 mile)
Underground, metro or tramParsons Green Underground Station190 m
Putney Bridge Underground Station760 m (0.5 miles)
Fulham Broadway Underground Station850 m (0.5 miles)
Bus stops11 stops within 400 m (0.2 miles), 39 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Parsons Green New Kings Road200 m
Bus or coach stationVictoria Station4.6 km (2.9 miles)
Ferry terminalWandsworth Riverside Quarter Pier1.1 km (0.7 miles)
Car parks1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Chelsea, Fulham Boys School Car Park (Events only)620 m (0.4 miles)
EV charging points27 within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Shell Recharge320 m
Airport with scheduled flightsLondon Heathrow Airport LHR17.9 km (11 miles)

Local services

Sources: NHS Organisation Data Service, as at 31 October 2026: GP practices, community pharmacies and dental practices with an NHS contract, open now, each placed at the centre of its postcode; hospitals are NHS trust and Welsh health board sites named as hospitals, and may not have an emergency department. Ratings and care homes: Care Quality Commission, latest ratings as at 2 November 2026 (England only; the CQC does not rate dental practices, and Wales's inspectorates give no ratings). Police stations and cash machines from Overture Maps Foundation, release 2026-10-21.0, which gathers business listings: not an official register, so some will be missing or out of date. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street. Nothing here says whether a practice is taking new patients or a dentist new NHS patients.

NearestDistance
GP surgeries12 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest The Lilyville Surgery Good Oct 2021190 m
Pharmacies14 pharmacies within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest C.e. Harrod Chemist310 m
NHS dentists22 practices within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest Perfect Smile120 m
HospitalChelsea And Westminster Hospital Good Aug 20261.8 km (1.1 miles)
Care homes4 homes within 1.6 km (1 mile); nearest KYN Hurlingham Good Mar 2026690 m (0.4 miles)
Police stationMetropolitan Police - Harrow Central Police Station240 m
Cash machines4 machines within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Tesco Bank ATM370 m

Parks and green space

Source: Ordnance Survey, OS Open Greenspace, April 2026: public parks and gardens, play spaces, playing fields and allotments, with their entrances. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to a site's nearest entrance (or its edge where none is recorded), not walking routes; sizes are the area OS maps for each site. Some sites, such as school playing fields, may not be open to the public.

NearestDistance
Park or garden6 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 1.0 ha90 m
Largest park within 800 m (0.5 miles)South Park 7.9 ha550 m (0.3 miles)
Play area13 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Unnamed 230 m²80 m
Playing field1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Hurlingham Club Grounds 7.9 ha370 m
Allotments1 within 800 m (0.5 miles); nearest Fulham Palace Meadows Allotments 5.8 ha740 m (0.5 miles)

Within 800 m (0.5 miles): 6 parks and gardens, 17 hectares in all.

Landmarks

The nearest historic landmark is Hurlingham House, a listed building (Grade II*), 830 m (0.5 miles) south. 63 listed buildings are within 1 km (0.6 miles), 5 of them Grade II*.

Historic places
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Hurlingham HouseListed building, Grade II*830 m (0.5 miles) south
Sir William Powell's Almshouses, Including Gate Piers, Railings and Gates to WestListed building, Grade II*830 m (0.5 miles) south-west
FULHAM TOWN HALL (original building and 1904-5 extension)Listed building, Grade II*840 m (0.5 miles) north-east
Parish Church of All SaintsListed building, Grade II*890 m (0.6 miles) south-west
Fulham PalaceRegistered park or garden, Grade II*890 m (0.6 miles) west
Fulham Palace moated siteScheduled monument900 m (0.6 miles) west
Bishop's ParkRegistered park or garden, Grade II1.1 km (0.7 miles) west
Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margaret's ChurchWorld Heritage Site6 km (3.7 miles) north-east
Natural landmarks within 5 km (3.1 miles)
NameWhat it isFrom the middle of the street
Battersea ReachTidal water1.7 km (1 mile) east
Ransome's DockLake or reservoir2.5 km (1.5 miles) east
Fountain LakeLake or reservoir3 km (1.9 miles) east
Holland ParkWood3.3 km (2 miles) north
Small ProfitsWetland3.4 km (2.1 miles) west
Jerry's HillHill4.2 km (2.6 miles) south-west

Sources: Historic England's registers through planning.data.gov.uk (MHCLG), and Cadw through DataMapWales (Welsh Government): World Heritage Sites within 10 km (6.2 miles), battlefields within 5 km (3.1 miles), registered parks and gardens within 3 km (1.9 miles), scheduled monuments within 2 km (1.2 miles), and Grade I and II* listed buildings within 1 km (0.6 miles). Ordnance Survey, OS Open Names, October 2026: named hills, valleys, lakes, woods, wetlands and coast (it has no rivers). Distances are in a straight line to the middle of each site, and being on a register does not mean there is public access.

Air quality

Source: Defra, modelled background air pollution, annual means for 2024, for the 1 km square that holds the middle of the street. These are background levels, away from the kerb: beside a busy road nitrogen dioxide in particular can be several times higher. UK limits are the legal annual limits for England and Wales; the World Health Organization's 2021 guidelines are much stricter, and most towns and cities are above them.

Annual means in µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic metre of air)
PollutantHereUK limitWHO guideline
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)18.94010
Fine particles (PM2.5)9.0205
Particles (PM10)14.84015

All three are within the UK legal limits; nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 are above the WHO guideline, as in most towns and cities.

Road, rail and aircraft noise

Source: Defra, strategic noise mapping Round 4 (England), modelled for 2021 and published in December 2023, and its airport maps of the same round for the fifteen largest English airports, published in April 2026: Lden, the average sound level over a whole day with extra weight for the evening and night, on a 10 m grid, read at each address. These are models of traffic, not measurements; they leave out smaller airports and airfields, industry and neighbours, and a room at the back of a house is often much quieter than the front. The World Health Organization's guidelines are 53 dB for road traffic, 54 dB for railways and 45 dB for aircraft (below the lowest level shown here).

Addresses by modelled noise level (Lden, dB)
LevelRoad trafficRailwaysAircraft
70 to 74020
65 to 69140
60 to 641160
55 to 591740
Under 559386112

19 of the street's 112 addresses are modelled at 55 dB or more from road traffic, and 26 from railways, above the WHO guidelines.

Climate, daylight and earthquakes

Monthly temperatures and rainfall, sunrise and sunset through the year, and earthquakes recorded nearby since 1970 are much the same across the area, so they are worked out once for Hammersmith and Fulham: see them on the Hammersmith and Fulham page.

Nearest schools

Source: Get Information About Schools (Department for Education), 5 November 2026; Ofsted monthly management information as at September 2026. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street to the school; catchments and admissions are not shown. Since November 2025 Ofsted gives report-card grades by area, not one overall grade; older grades stand until a school is re-inspected.

SchoolPhaseAgesDistanceInspectionExam results
Lady Margaret School Church of EnglandSecondary11–18170 m Outstanding (Nov 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) GCSE 2026 (provisional): Attainment 8 64.7 (66.3 in 2025 and 65.4 in 2024); 79% grade 5+ in English and maths
A level 2025: average grade B; 26.7% AAB or better; progress above average
New King's Road SchoolPrimary3–11300 m No published inspection 68% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 11% at the higher standard (2025; 72% in 2024 and 62% in 2023)
Holy Cross RC School Roman CatholicPrimary3–11330 m No published inspection 92% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 24% at the higher standard (2025; 73% in 2024 and 86% in 2023)
Sulivan Primary SchoolPrimary3–11360 m No published inspection 69% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 14% at the higher standard (2025; 58% in 2024 and 49% in 2023)
St John's Walham Green Church of England Primary SchoolPrimary3–11640 m (0.4 miles) Outstanding (May 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) 66% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 16% at the higher standard (2025; 76% in 2024 and 83% in 2023)
The Fulham Boys School Church of EnglandSecondary11–18660 m (0.4 miles) Good (Oct 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) GCSE 2026 (provisional): Attainment 8 63.8 (61.4 in 2025 and 62.0 in 2024); 82.3% grade 5+ in English and maths
A level 2025: average grade C+; 10.4% AAB or better; progress average
The Hurlingham AcademySecondary11–16740 m (0.5 miles) Outstanding (Mar 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) GCSE 2026 (provisional): Attainment 8 58.4 (58.4 in 2025 and 58.3 in 2024); 73.4% grade 5+ in English and maths
All Saints CofE Primary School Church of EnglandPrimary3–11820 m (0.5 miles) No overall grade (Feb 2025, graded inspection without an overall judgement): Quality of education: Good; Behaviour and attitudes: Good; Personal development: Good; Leadership and management: Good 80% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 13% at the higher standard (2025; 64% in 2024 and 88% in 2023)
Langford Primary SchoolPrimary3–11910 m (0.6 miles) No published inspection 90% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 20% at the higher standard (2025; 90% in 2024 and 79% in 2023)
St Thomas of Canterbury Catholic Primary SchoolPrimary4–11940 m (0.6 miles) Good (Jun 2023, overall grade under the previous framework) None published
Fulham Cross AcademySecondary11–191 km (0.6 miles) No published inspection GCSE 2026 (provisional): Attainment 8 43.9 (45.7 in 2025 and 45.4 in 2024); 46.7% grade 5+ in English and maths
A level 2025: average grade C-; 9.1% AAB or better; progress average
The London Oratory School Roman CatholicSecondary7–181.1 km (0.7 miles) Outstanding (Sep 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) 100% at the expected standard in reading, writing and maths, 15% at the higher standard (2025; 95% in 2024 and 85% in 2023)
GCSE 2026 (provisional): Attainment 8 59.9 (62.3 in 2025 and 62.5 in 2024); 67.2% grade 5+ in English and maths
A level 2025: average grade B; 29% AAB or better; progress average

Exam results are from the Department for Education's school performance tables (Explore Education Statistics, Open Government Licence), for all pupils at each school. The middle school in England had 63% at the expected standard at the end of primary school (2025), Attainment 8 of 46.0 at GCSE (2026) and an A level average of C+ (2025). Attainment 8 adds up a pupil's grades in eight GCSEs, with English and maths counted twice (90 is the most), averaged over the school's pupils. Progress 8 compares pupils with others who had the same results at the end of primary school; it is not published for GCSEs in 2025 and 2026, as those pupils sat no primary tests during the pandemic. Small year groups swing from year to year, and figures for very small ones are withheld.

Nurseries and childcare

The ten nearest nurseries, pre-schools and clubs are all within 380 m; the nearest is 70 m from the middle of the street.

ProviderKindPlacesLatest inspectionDistance
Parsons House Nursery SW6 4TJ Full day care 95 Good (Dec 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) 70 m
Sharky and George Holiday Camp SW6 4TS Out-of-school day care (over fives) Not inspected yet 70 m
Zebedee Nursery School SW6 4TN Sessional day care 36 Good (Jun 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) 100 m
Stagecoach Fulham SW6 4UN Sessional day care (over fives) Not inspected yet 170 m
Bright Horizons Parsons Green Day Nursery and Preschool SW6 4EH Full day care 137 Good (Feb 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) 200 m
Parson's Green Nursery SW6 3QA Full day care 73 Outstanding (May 2025, overall grade under the previous framework) 230 m
Pippa Pop-ins SW6 4XE Sessional day care 75 Good (Jan 2024, overall grade under the previous framework) 240 m
Fulham's Angels Nursery SW6 4EX Sessional day care 22 Not inspected yet 270 m
Enhanced Support and Childcare SW6 4QT Full day care (over fives) Not inspected yet 290 m
Parson's Green Nursery SW6 5RS Full day care 68 Outstanding (Aug 2022, overall grade under the previous framework) 380 m

Ofsted also registers 46 childminders and 46 home childcarers (nannies) in Hammersmith and Fulham. It does not publish their addresses, so they cannot be shown here; the council's family information service lists those taking children.

Source: Ofsted, childcare providers and inspections management information, as at June 2026, Open Government Licence: providers on the Early Years and Childcare Registers on non-domestic premises, placed at their postcode. Since November 2025 Ofsted gives a standard for each of six areas (Exceptional, Strong, Expected, Needs attention, Urgent improvement) rather than one overall grade; older grades stand until a provider is inspected again. Distances are straight lines from the middle of the street.

Food hygiene ratings nearby

Source: Food Standards Agency, Food Hygiene Rating Scheme, extract of 5 November 2026. Each rating is shown with the date it was given; a business may have been re-inspected since the extract. Within 500 m (0.3 miles) of the middle of the street.

BusinessTypeDistanceRatingRated
Parsons Nose SW6 4TJRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen40 m5 Very good29 Jan 2026
Transition Zone SW6 4TJOther catering premises60 m5 Very good9 Mar 2022
Sushi Daily SW6 4TJRetailers - supermarkets/hypermarkets60 m5 Very good24 Jun 2026
Rondor Coffee SW6 4TJRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen60 m5 Very good9 Jan 2024
Parsons House Nursery Ltd SW6 4TJHospitals/Childcare/Caring Premises60 m5 Very good28 Apr 2026
Jesse's House SW6 4TJRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen60 m5 Very good31 Oct 2025
Glass Door SW6 4UHOther catering premises70 m5 Very good27 Nov 2024
Zebedee Nursery School SW6 4TNHospitals/Childcare/Caring Premises100 m5 Very good22 Jan 2025
Little Waitrose SW6 4TNRetailers - supermarkets/hypermarkets100 m5 Very good20 Oct 2023
Koji SW6 4LSRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen110 m5 Very good28 Apr 2026
Hally's SW6 4LSRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen110 m5 Very good29 Jan 2026
Chango Empanadas SW6 4LTRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen120 m5 Very good30 Apr 2026
WatchHouse SW6 4RBRestaurant/Cafe/Canteen140 m5 Very good17 Sep 2026
Fulham Greens SW6 4RBRetailers - other140 m5 Very good29 Sep 2023
Portobello Juice Express SW6 SW6 4RBTakeaway/sandwich shop140 m5 Very good26 Feb 2025

Crime within 250 m

Source: data.police.uk street-level crime, September 2025 to August 2026. Police forces move every crime to the nearest of about 760,000 anonymised map points before publishing, so these are crimes near this street, not on it, and a busy point can collect crimes from a wider area. Counts are of records, not convictions.

366 recorded crimes by category
CategoryCrimes
Violence and sexual offences64
Shoplifting52
Anti-social behaviour44
Theft from the person40
Other theft38
Burglary32
Public order31
Vehicle crime29
Robbery13
Bicycle theft11
Drugs7
Criminal damage and arson5

Most of these are attached to: On or near Supermarket (88); On or near Ackmar Road (55); On or near Shopping Area (38); On or near Parsons Green (31); On or near Peterborough Mews (26).

Road safety

Source: Department for Transport, road safety data (STATS19), collisions in 2021 to 2025, as published by November 2026. Collisions in which someone was hurt and which were reported to the police, within 150 m of the middle of any of this street's postcodes, or of the street. Severity is the worst injury as the police recorded it.

30 collisions in which someone was hurt were reported on and around the street in 2021 to 2025: 0 fatal, 6 serious and 24 slight, in which 6 people were seriously hurt. 5 involved a pedestrian; 19 involved a cyclist; 5 involved a motorcyclist. Most were on roads with a 20 mph limit.

By year
YearCollisionsFatal or serious
202182
202251
202371
202440
202562
The most recent 10 of 30
DateSeverityWho was hurtRoadConditions
31 Oct 2025 11:40 Serious 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
11 Oct 2025 13:06 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
1 Oct 2025 16:30 Serious 1 person: 1 pedestrian A308, 20 mph Daylight
18 Sep 2025 17:59 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
14 Jul 2025 18:15 Slight 1 person: 1 pedestrian Minor road, 20 mph Daylight
18 Jun 2025 09:05 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
22 Oct 2024 12:35 Slight 1 person A308, 20 mph Daylight
9 Sep 2024 18:50 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
19 Aug 2024 18:00 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight
16 Aug 2024 07:28 Slight 1 person: 1 cyclist A308, 20 mph Daylight

Only collisions in which someone was hurt and which the police were told about are here: damage-only collisions and near misses are not, and some injuries are never reported. Positions are recorded by the police, usually to within a few metres. Each year's figures are published the following September.

Traffic on nearby roads

The busiest counted road within 500 m (0.3 miles) is the A219 between A304 and A308, with 23,720 motor vehicles a day on average in 2025, 500 m (0.3 miles) from the street's postcodes.

RoadBetweenVehicles a dayLorriesTen years beforeDistance
A308 A219 to A217 13,898 estimated; counted 2020 3% +1% since 2015 120 m
A304 A219 to A3219 11,420 estimated; counted 2024 1% -25% since 2015 450 m (0.3 miles)
A219 A304 to A308 23,720 estimated; counted 2024 2% +1% since 2015 500 m (0.3 miles)

Each figure is the annual average daily flow: the motor vehicles passing the count point, both ways, on an average day of the year. A point is counted by hand on a weekday every few years and estimated from the trend on similar roads in between. Lorries are heavy goods vehicles, as a share of all motor vehicles.

Source: Department for Transport, road traffic statistics, annual average daily flows to 2025, Open Government Licence. Distances are from the nearest postcode centre to each count point.

People and work

Source: ONS Census 2021, taken on 21 March 2021, for the 3 Output Areas (small census areas of about 125 households each) that this street's postcodes are in: 832 residents in 364 households. The census was taken during a lockdown, so working from home is high and travel to work low compared with now. ONS swaps a few records between neighbouring areas and adds small amounts of noise to counts to protect privacy, so small differences mean little. Industry is not published for areas this small.

Who lives here

Around this streetEngland
Median age3740
Children under 1517%17%
Aged 65 and over12%18%

Homes

Around this streetEngland
Owned (outright or with a mortgage)53%61%
Owned outright29%33%
Shared ownershipunder 1%1%
Social rented13%17%
Private rented34%21%

Work and commuting

Around this streetEngland
Adults (16 and over) in work66%57%
Unemployment (of those working or looking for work)5%6%
Retired (of adults)12%22%
Long-term sick or disabled (of adults)2%4%
Work mainly from home (of those in work)65%32%
Travel to work by car or van7%48%
By train, Underground, metro or tram13%4%
By any public transport, including bus16%8%
On foot or by bicycle10%10%
Work within 10 km (6 miles) of home (of those who travel to work)87%65%
Work 30 km (19 miles) or more away2%8%

Education and languages

Around this streetEngland
Degree or other higher qualification, Level 4+ (of adults)68%34%
No qualifications6%18%
Apprenticeship as highest qualification1%5%
Main language English (aged 3 and over)86%91%
Cannot speak English well or at allunder 1%2%

Deprivation

The neighbourhoods around this street are all in decile 6 of 10 on the English Indices of Deprivation 2025, where 1 is the most deprived tenth of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods and 10 the least.

Source: English Indices of Deprivation 2025 (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government), by LSOA (about 1,500 people), through the ONS Postcode Directory. The index combines income, employment, health, education, crime, housing and living environment; it ranks areas against each other and does not describe any one household. Ranks in England and Wales are worked out separately and cannot be compared.

What has changed

  • Food hygiene ratings UNIQ (other catering premises, SW6 5HG) now 4 Good, was Awaiting inspection (rated 30 September 2026) found 5 November 2026
  • Roadworks Street works permit: THAMES WATER: Utility repair and maintenance works, 19 October 2026 to 21 October 2026 (no carriageway incursion) found 3 November 2026
  • Roadworks Street works permit: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM: Highway repair and maintenance works, 20 October 2026 to 22 October 2026 (no carriageway incursion) found 3 November 2026
  • Roadworks Street works permit: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM: Highway repair and maintenance works, 20 October 2026 to 22 October 2026 (no carriageway incursion) found 3 November 2026
  • Roadworks Street works permit: LONDON BOROUGH OF HAMMERSMITH & FULHAM: Highway repair and maintenance works, 2 October 2026 (some carriageway incursion) found 3 November 2026

Everything that has changed on and near this street

Email me when something changes here

At most one email a week, only when there is something new. Free; double opt-in; unsubscribe in one click. We keep only your email address: see privacy.

Postcodes on this street

Source: ONS Postcode Directory August 2026, ONS UPRN Directory September 2026, OS Open Linked Identifiers September 2026. A postcode can cover more than one street; the share shows how many of its addresses are on this one.

Nearby streets

Heathman's Road · Doria Road · Guion Road · Dairy Close · Eddiscombe Road · Beaconsfield Walk · Parsons Green Lane · Lettice Street · Munster Road · Ackmar Road · Peterborough Mews · Alderville Road

All the streets in SW6 and across Hammersmith and Fulham.

What this page cannot tell you

  • Whether a particular house is at risk of flooding, subsiding or anything else: the flood map is a model of areas and there is no property-level data here.
  • What a home is worth now: sales are historic prices for the homes that happened to sell.
  • How safe the street is: crime points are moved to anonymised locations and many crimes are never reported; road collisions count only those in which someone was hurt and the police were told.
  • Whether you would get a place at a school: distances are straight lines, not catchments.
  • Who lives on the street now: census figures describe the small areas around it in March 2021, during a lockdown.
  • How long a journey takes or how often anything runs: transport distances are straight lines to the nearest stops.
  • Whether a GP practice is taking new patients, or a dentist new NHS patients.
  • How loud a home is inside, or noise from industry, neighbours or smaller airfields: noise figures are models of road, rail and air traffic outside.

How each figure on this page is matched to the street and worked out: methodology.